Figure 4.

Peripheral responses as coping mechanisms for hypothermia. When the thermoregulatory center of the central nervous system (MnPO) perceives a decrease in body temperature, the organism of newborn ruminants (and other mammals) activates peripheral responses with two main objectives: (A) to prevent heat loss through vasoconstriction and piloerection; and (B) to produce heat by shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis, where BAT and skeletal muscle fibers participate in the return to a state of homeothermy.