Skip to main content
. 2022 Aug 16;219(10):e20220780. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220780

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nasal-resident T cells in convalescent vaccinees but not naive vaccinees. (A) Total frequency of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cell responses in vaccinated without (naive; n = 16) and with (2–8 wk after recovery, convalescent; n = 22) breakthrough infection. Lines denote the median value of each group. Each dot represents an individual. Mann–Whitney U test was performed for statistical analysis. ****, P < 0.0001. (B) Representative ELISpot wells of nasal cells activated with SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools from vaccinees without (#029) and with (#018) breakthrough infection. (C) Stacked bars represent the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cell responses targeting different peptide pools in vaccinated without (left; n = 16) and with (2–8 wk after recovery; right; n = 22) breakthrough infection. Different colored bars represent response to indicated SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools. (D) Bar graph shows the number of vaccinated with breakthrough infection (n = 22) responding to the indicated quantity of SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools. (E and F) Frequency of CD107a+ CD8 nasal T cells (E) and CD40L+CD4 nasal T cells (F) detected in vaccinated donors (n = 6) who experienced breakthrough infection, tested 2–12 wk after recovery. Pie charts represent the proportion of CD69+CD103+ and DN (double negative; CD69−CD103−) and SP (single positive; CD69−CD103 and CD69+CD103) antigen-specific T cells. Corresponding representative dot plots of frequency of CD107a+CD8+ nasal T cells and CD40L+CD4+ nasal T cells after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2–specific peptide pools are shown on the right. The background was subtracted based on the unstimulated control for each donor.