Table 2.
Description of the Normal weight and Underweight groups
| Groups | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal weight | Underweight | ||
| Boys/girls (N) | 365/319 | 94/75 | 0.598a |
| Country: Ghana/South Africa (N) | 327/357 | 121/48 | < 0.001a |
| Age (years, mean (SD); range) | 9.2 (1.8); 5.9–12.9 | 9.5 (1.7); 5.8–12.9 | 0.037b |
| Height (cm, mean (SD); range) | 133.8 (11.9); 107–167 | 134.5 (11.6); 111–185 | 0.466b |
| Weight (kg, mean (SD); range) | 29.69 (7.25); 16.2–56.7 | 24.75 (5.24); 11.6–41.1 | < 0.001b |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean (SD); range) | 16.32 (1.51); 13.89–21.39 | 13.55 (1.27); 6.00–15.21 | < 0.001b |
| Waist-to-height ratio (mean (SD); range) | 0.445 (0.036); 0.32–0.60 | 0.418 (0.030); 0.36–0.50 | < 0.001b |
| Stunting (N) | 25 | 6 | 0.948a |
| Socio-economic area | |||
| Low | 288 | 81 | 0.039a |
| Low-middle | 281 | 73 | |
| Middle | 52 | 10 | |
| High | 63 | 5 | |
Legend: a two-tailed Chi-square test; b one-way analysis of variance. Bold values indicate significant differences