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. 2022 Aug 17;48:147. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01316-4

Table 2.

Study details of the children with DS from literature review

First author
(year)
Cases
(% M)
Age Onset
Mean
(range) months
Age Dx
Mean
(range) months
Diagnostic delay
(range) months
W < 5th c
available in 71 cases
W/L or W/H or BMI < 5th c
available in 48 cases
HC > 97th
available in 25 cases
Length or height
available in 55 cases
Clinical presentation
available in 85 cases
 < 5th c  > 98th c

Addy

1972

3

(0)

3

(0–5)

16.3

(9–21)

13.3

(4–20)

2 NR NR NR

Nystagmus (1) Vomiting (1)

papilledema (2) Visual loss (1)

Anorexia (1)

Pelc

1972

3

(100)

3.3

(2–5)

9

(4–17)

5.6

(1–14)

1 NR 2 0 0

Nystagmus (3) Vomiting (3)

Visual loss (3) lethargy (1)

Burr

1976

5

(80)

10.8

(4–36)

34.2

(7–120)

23.4

(3–84)

1 NR 1 1 0

Nystagmus (1) Vomiting (5)

papilledema (1) Visual loss (2)

Neurodevelopmental delay (1)

Hyperactivity/happiness (5)

Anorexia (1)

DeSousa

1979

12

(50)

8.6

(5–27)

NR NR 7 NR NR NR

Nystagmus (6) Visual loss (10)

Hyperactivity (6) Irritability (6)

Namba

1985

3

(66)

10.3

(3–24)

29

(16–45)

18.3

(12–23)

3 NR NR NR

Nystagmus (2) Vomiting (1)

Visual loss (1) Irritability (1)

Hyperactivity/ happiness (1)

Gropman

1998

7

(71)

NR

13.1

(9–20)

NR 5 NR NR 0 0 NR

Ertem

2000

3

(100)

11.3

(6–22)

16

(6–30)

4.6

(0–8)

3 3 1 0 0

Nystagmus (3)

Visual loss (1) strabismus (1)

Hyperactivity/happiness (£)

Diaphoresis (1)

Fleischman

2005

11

(54)

NR NR

12.5

(2–33)

10 11 NR 0 1

Nystagmus (3) Vomiting (4)

Visual loss (1)

Hyperactivity/happiness (2)

lethargy (3)

Brauner

2006

11

(45.5)

NR

17.6

(6–108)

NR NR 9 NR NR

Nystagmus and strabismus (8)

Headache (1)

Densupsoontorn 

2011

3

(0)

5.3

(3–7)

12.3

(10–15)

7

(5–9)

3 3 1 1 0

Nystagmus (2) Vomiting (2)

Visual loss (1) seizures (1)

Sardi

2012

8

(50)

NR

16.7

(4–60)

NR 6 NR 1 0 0 NR

Hoffmann

2014

11

(36.3)

92

(26–191)

100

(28.8–193.2)

8

(0.5–24)

NR 11 NR NR

Nystagmus (1) Vomiting (5)

Headache (6)

polyuria/polydipsia (4)

Anorexia (1) seizures (1)

Kilday

2014

9

(55)

NR

16.7

(6.5–32)

NR 6 9 NR 0 1

Nystagmus (6) Vomiting (4)

Visual loss (2) strabismus (2)

Hyperactivity/happiness (3)

Neurodevelopmental delay (3)

Anorexia (2)

Kim

2015

8

(12.5)

7

(4–12)

18

(5–38)

11

(1–32)

8 NR NR 0 0

Nystagmus (1) Vomiting (5)

Strabismus (2)

Hyperactivity/ happiness (2)

Neurodevelopmental delay (2)

Patny

2015

3

(100)

14

(0–36)

75

(66–87)

61.3

(30–87)

2 NR NR 0 0

Hepatosplenomegaly (1)

precocious puberty (1)

TOTAL 100 (50) 57/71 46/48 6/24 2/55 2/55

Dx Diagnosis, W weight, L Length, H Height, W/L, Weight/Length, W/H Weight/Height, BMI Body mass index, HC head circumference, NR Not reported, M male