Figure 4.

C5/C5aR1 inhibition attenuates SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced leukocyte activation. Anti‐C5/C5aR1 inhibitors eculizumab (100 μg mL⁻¹; C5 inhibitor) and PMX205 (10 μm; C5aR1 antagonist) were administered to lepirudin‐anticoagulated whole blood (n = 4) prior to SARS‐CoV‐2 inoculation at MOI 1.0 for 24 h. Flow cytometry was used to measure activation markers C5aR1 and CD11b in terms of MFI on neutrophils (a, b), eosinophils (c, d) and monocytes (e, f). Columns and whiskers depict mean values and SEM, respectively. MOI, multiplicity of infection; MFI, median fluorescence intensity; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001, using a one‐way ANOVA.