Table 4.

Oxidative stress and immune status of pigs challenged with F18-positive Escherichia coli and fed diets supplemented with antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) or Lactobacillus fermentate (LBF)

Item2	Treatment1				SEM	P-value
	NC	PC	AGP	PBT		NC vs. PC	PC vs. AGP	PC vs. PBT
MDA, nmol/mg of protein	0.74	0.73	1.11	1.00	0.16	0.968	0.101	0.244
Protein carbonyl, nmol/mg protein	0.76	1.12	1.20	1.11	0.10	0.016	0.620	0.906
IgG, µg/mg of protein	2.47	3.08	2.41	3.61	0.41	0.302	0.258	0.333
IgA, µg/mg of protein	2.88	4.10	2.69	3.19	0.48	0.080	0.052	0.184
TNF-α, pg/mg of protein	0.88	0.99	0.72	0.67	0.21	0.714	0.372	0.287
IL-6, pg/mg of protein	0.75	0.70	0.65	0.62	0.13	0.818	0.783	0.653
IL-8, pg/mg of protein	0.42	0.77	0.48	0.42	0.14	0.073	0.142	0.078

Treatments: NC, no-challenge/no-supplement; PC, E. coli challenge/no-supplement; AGP, E. coli challenge/bacitracin (30 g/t feed); and PBT, E. coli challenge/LBF (2 kg/t feed; LBiotix, Adare Biome, Houdan, France).

IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgA, immunoglobulin A; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-8, interleukin-8; MDA, malondialdehyde; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha