Table 2:
Summary Statistics by Payment Status
| Own Payments | Peer Payments | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | Food or Travel | Compensation | None, Food, or Travel | Compensation | All Physicians | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
| A. Prescription volume | ||||||
| Prescribed patients (per qtr) | 0.320 | 1.115 | 5.938 | 0.452 | 1.124 | 0.548 |
| Newly prescribed patients (per qtr) | 0.025 | 0.081 | 0.388 | 0.033 | 0.085 | 0.041 |
| Fraction of Anticoagulant Prescriptions (%) | 13.7 | 20.2 | 35.7 | 15.2 | 19.7 | 15.8 |
| B. Physician characteristics | ||||||
| Percent cardiologists | 8.0 | 21.9 | 81.3 | 9.3 | 27.8 | 12.0 |
| Experience (Years) | 21.0 | 23.8 | 25.1 | 21.6 | 22.7 | 21.8 |
| C. Physician network characteristics | ||||||
| N of shared-patient peers | 16.6 | 28.1 | 62.0 | 15.4 | 46.0 | 19.7 |
| N of strong shared-patient peers | 8.5 | 15.4 | 35.1 | 7.9 | 25.5 | 10.3 |
| N of group-practice peers | 89.1 | 47.2 | 77.3 | 79.6 | 66.7 | 77.7 |
| N of excluded 2nd-degree peers | 181.9 | 264.6 | 436.3 | 173.5 | 392.4 | 204.8 |
| D. Promotional Payments | ||||||
| Total own pharma payments ($) | 0 | 148 | 38,261 | 103 | 344 | 137.9 |
| N of quarters with food payment | 0 | 4.112 | 8.378 | 0.979 | 2.018 | 1.127 |
| N of quarters with compensation | 0 | 0 | 5.082 | 0.001 | 0.034 | 0.013 |
| N of peer-quarters with compensation | 0.763 | 1.672 | 3.216 | 0 | 7.102 | 0.895 |
| Percent of observations | 72.8 | 26.9 | 0.3 | 85.7 | 14.3 | 100 |
| N of doctors | 135,428 | 70,550 | 972 | 154,539 | 41,423 | 166,420 |
| N of doctor-drug-quarter observations | 3,982,128 | 1,470,264 | 14,028 | 4,686,072 | 780,348 | 5,466,420 |
| N of observations for fraction outcome* | 2,513,742 | 1,197,940 | 13,038 | 3,130,133 | 594,587 | 3,724,720 |
Notes: Table shows summary statistics for the main sample of 5,466,420 physician-drug-quarter observations; this is a panel of 166,420 physicians over 12 quarters and for three NOAC drugs. Columns 1–3 show statistics for subsets of physicians who directly received different types of pharmaceutical payments: no payments, payments for food or travel, or payments for compensation. Columns 4–5 show statistics for the subset of physicians whose peers received compensation payments, and the complement set of those whose peers did not receive such payments. Column 6 shows statistics for the entire sample. In Panel A, prescribed patients is the number of unique beneficiaries filling prescriptions for the drug in the quarter. Newly prescribed patients are prescribed patients without any anticoagulant prescription in the preceding year. Fraction of Anticoagulant Prescriptions is the share of target drug prescriptions out of all filled anticoagulant prescriptions written by the physician in the quarter. This statistic is based on the subset of 3,724,720 physician-quarters with at least one anticoagulant prescriptions. Definitions of payment types, physician medical specialties, and shared-patient peers are discussed in Section 1.