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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 18.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ J Econ Policy. 2022 May;14(2):1–33. doi: 10.1257/pol.20200044

Table 3:

The Influence of Payments on Target Drug Prescription Volumes

Dependent Variable:
Number of Prescribed Patients Newly Prescribed Patients Fraction of Anticoagulant Prescriptions
(1) (2) (3)
Payment count, by type:
 Own Compensation 0.3684 (0.1156) 0.0286 (0.0159) 0.0093 (0.0058)
 Own Food 0.0584 (0.0037) 0.0048 (0.0006) 0.0039 (0.0007)
 Peer Compensation 0.0197 (0.0061) 0.0020 (0.0009) 0.0019 (0.0009)
 Peer Food −0.0006 (0.0014) 0.0002 (0.0002) 0.0004 (0.0004)
Mean of dependent variable 0.5486 0.0409 0.1588
N (Doctor × Drug × Quarter) 5,466,420 5,466,420 3,724,720

Notes: Estimates of equation (2); each column reports key coefficient estimates from a separate regression. The dependent variables capture different prescription volume measures. The independent variables capture the counts of different types of payments made to the prescribing physicians (“Own”) or to others with whom the prescribing physicians shared patients (“Peers”). Food includes payments for food and beverages, and educational items. Compensation includes payments for consulting, speaking, and other services. See Section 1 for detailed definitions. Physician-drug, specialty-drug-quarter fixed effects, controls for all other types of payments, and payment-type-specific linear time trends included in all specifications. Standard errors are clustered within doctor.