Table 2.
Serum concentrations in nmol/L of adrenal steroids differ in patients with severe insulin resistance (SIR) vs healthy controls
| Analyte(nmol/L) | SIR (all) N = 18 |
Lipodystrophy N = 11 |
Insulin receptoropathy N = 7 |
Control N = 23 |
P value (SIR vs control) |
P value (LD vs R vs Control) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A4 | 9.2 (5.3-14.4) | 8.8 (5.0-10.9) | 13.0 (5.3-21.1) | 2.4 (1.6-3.2) | <0.0001 | <0.0001a,b |
| T | 5.6 (2.9-14.0) | 4.1 (2.8-6.1) | 13.6 (3.6-42.0) | 1.0 (0.7-1.2) | <0.0001 | <0.0001a,b |
| 11OHA4 | 6.0 (3.5-8.5) | 8.2 (4.3-13) | 3.6 (1.0-5.2) | 2.9 (2.3-4.6) | 0.02 | 0.0007a,c |
| 11OHT | 0.4 (0.2-0.8) | 0.55 (0.20-0.90) | 0.3 (0.2-0.5) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | 0.13 | 0.052 |
| 11KA4 | 1.0 (0.5-1.5) | 1.4 (1.0-1.7) | 0.7 (0.3-1.0) | 0.6 (0.4-0.8) | 0.015 | 0.0035a |
| 11KT | 2.0 (0.9-2.8) | 2.7 (1.7-2.9) | 1.0 (0.8-1.7) | 0.7 (0.6-1.2) | 0.0008 | <0.0001a,c |
| Progesterone | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 0.4 (0.3-0.9) | 0.5 (0.4-0.8) | 0.3 (0.2-4.3) | 0.024 | 0.061 |
| 17-OHP | 4.1 (2.0-6.1) | 4.3 (1.9-7.1) | 3.9 (2.4-5.8) | 1.2 (0.6-1.8) | 0.0008 | 0.004a,b |
| DOC | 0.7 (0.6-1.3) | 0.68 (0.61-0.80) | 0.9 (0.6-1.9) | 0.14 (0.09-0.19) | <0.0001 | <0.0001a,b |
| Corticosterone | 5.4 (2.5-7.6) | 5.5 (2.6-11.5) | 5.6 (2.2-5.8) | 5.2 (3.8-9.1) | 0.29 | 0.34 |
| 11dF | 0.7 (0.6-1.5) | 1.07 (0.61-2.18) | 0.7 (0.6-0.7) | 0.49 (0.35-0.75) | 0.0031 | 0.0021a |
| Cortisol | 265.6 (167.5-356.2) | 271.9 (168.1-370.3) | 231.9 (105.7-291.7) | 279.4 (201.1-378.9) | 0.44 | 0.21 |
| Cortisone | 73.8 (55.3-91.7) | 76.6 ± 33.1 | 69.3 ± 31.1 | 74.5 (22.7) | 0.77 | 0.59 |
| DHEAS | 1529 (943-2842) | 2184 (943-4638) | 1311 (934-2046) | 3419 (2531-4768) | 0.0043 | 0.0066b |
| Preg-S | 59.4 (30.9-86.3) | 79.6 (34.4-100.1) | 57.8 (22.7-70.7) | 104.2 (28.0-199.5) | 0.0025 | 0.0079a,b |
| 17OH Preg-S | 9.9 (7.6-13.4) | 10.3 (9.2-16.9) | 7.9 (4.1-10.3) | 12.9 (9.4-16.8) | 0.19 | 0.16 |
| 5-Adiol-S | 121.8 (91.9-197.7) | 164.4 (87.4-303.1) | 98.8 (93.4-121.4) | 181.6 (131.3-240.5) | 0.16 | 0.014b |
Data presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed data, or median [25th-75th percentile] for nonnormally distributed data.
Abbreviations and conversion factors for steroid hormones (multiply by value to convert from nmol/L to ng/dL): 11OHA4, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (30.24); 11OHT, 11β-hydroxytestosterone (30.44); 11dF, 11-deoxycortisol (34.65); 11KA4, 11-ketoandrostenedione (30.04); 11KT, 11- ketotestosterone (30.24); 17-OHP, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (33.05); 17OHP-S, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone sulfate (41.25); 5-Adiol-S, androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol-3-sulfate (37.05); A4, androstenedione (28.6); corticosterone (34.65); cortisol (36.25); cortisone (36.05); DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (36.85); DOC, 11-deoxycorticosterone (33.05); LD, lipodystrophy; Preg-S, pregnenolone sulfate (39.65); SIR, severe insulin resistance; T, testosterone (28.8).
a P < 0.05 for LD vs control;
b P < 0.05 for insulin receptoropathy vs control;
c P < 0.05 for LD vs insulin receptoropathy.