Table 4.
Bone density, morphology, and microarchitecture by self-identified race (sex-adjusted mean [SD])
| Asian | Black | White | P a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distal radius | n = 60 | n = 56 | n = 59 | |
| Size/morphology | ||||
| Tt.Ar (mm2) | 285.9 (6.5) | 312.6 (6.7) | 317.8 (6.5) | 0.001 b , c |
| Ct.Ar (mm2) | 62.7 (1.5) | 69.1 (1.5) | 63.9 (1.5) | 0.007 b , d |
| Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar (%) | 22.2 (0.6) | 22.5 (0.6) | 20.7 (0.6) | 0.088 |
| Tb.Ar (mm2) | 223.2 (6.3) | 243.6 (6.6) | 253.9 (6.4) | 0.003 b , c |
| Density | ||||
| Tt.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 326 (7) | 342 (7) | 319 (7) | 0.067 |
| Ct.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 903 (5) | 884 (5) | 896 (5) | 0.049 b |
| Tb.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 165 (5) | 188 (5) | 171 (5) | 0.001 b , d |
| Microarchitecture | ||||
| Ct.Th (mm) | 1.05 (0.02) | 1.11 (0.03) | 1.01 (0.02) | 0.018 d |
| Ct.Po (%) | 0.39 (0.04) | 0.48 (0.04) | 0.44 (0.04) | 0.300 |
| Tb.Th (mm) | 0.232 (0.002) | 0.240 (0.002) | 0.228 (0.002) | 0.001 b , d |
| Tb.Sp (mm) | 0.651 (0.012) | 0.589 (0.013) | 0.608 (0.012) | 0.002 b , c |
| Tb.N (1/mm) | 1.45 (0.03) | 1.55 (0.03) | 1.53 (0.03) | 0.011 b , c |
| µFEA | ||||
| FL (kN) | 3.7 (0.2) | 4.8 (0.2) | 3.7 (0.2) | <0.001 b , d |
| Distal tibia | n = 60 | n = 57 | n = 59 | |
| Size/morphology | ||||
| Tt.Ar (mm2) | 676.2 (15.6) | 721.7 (16.0) | 739.0 (15.7) | 0.015 b , c |
| Ct.Ar (mm2) | 133.1 (2.7) | 159.0 (2.8) | 140.3 (2.8) | <0.001 b , d |
| Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar (%) | 20.1 (0.5) | 22.4 (0.5) | 19.3 (0.5) | <0.001 b , d |
| Tb.Ar (mm2) | 543.1 (15.3) | 562.8 (15.7) | 598.7 (15.4) | 0.037 c |
| Density | ||||
| Tt.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 339 (7) | 374 (7) | 335 (7) | <0.001 b , d |
| Ct.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 944 (5) | 957 (5) | 944 (5) | 0.108 |
| Tb.BMD (mgHA/cm3) | 190 (5) | 208 (5) | 192 (5) | 0.033 b , d |
| Microarchitecture | ||||
| Ct.Th (mm) | 1.55 (0.04) | 1.83 (0.04) | 1.56 (0.04) | <0.001 b , d |
| Ct.Po (%) | 1.49 (0.11) | 1.36 (0.11) | 1.39 (0.11) | 0.653 |
| Tb.Th (mm) | 0.269 (0.004) | 0.282 (0.004) | 0.262 (0.004) | 0.001 b , d |
| Tb.Sp (mm) | 0.741 (0.017) | 0.718 (0.018) | 0.673 (0.017) | 0.022 c |
| Tb.N (1/mm) | 1.30 (0.03) | 1.34 (0.03) | 1.42 (0.03) | 0.011 c |
| µFEA | ||||
| FL (kN) | 11.6 (0.3) | 14.1 (0.3) | 12.3 (0.3) | <0.001 b , d |
Bold = P < 0.05.
Abbreviations: 25-OH D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; µFEA, micro-finite element analysis; Ct.Ar, cortical area; Ct.BMD, cortical density; Ct.Po, cortical porosity; Ct.Th, cortical thickness; FL (failure load); HR-pQCT, high-resolution peripheral quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Tb.Ar, trabecular area; Tb.BMD, trabecular density; Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular separation; Tb.Th, trabecular thickness; Tt.Ar, total area; Tt.BMD, total density.
a Adjusted for sex.
b P < 0.05, Asian vs Black individuals.
c P < 0.05, Asian vs White individuals.
d P < 0.05, Black vs White individuals.