|
Studies of diabetes and SMI
|
| Egglefield et al. [29] |
2020 |
Cross sectional |
Antipsychotic adherence |
Preventable diabetes admissions |
Medicaid registered patients with diabetes |
Unadjusted data provided for patients with schizophrenia |
2012 |
1 year |
191,521 |
Person |
US |
One region |
18–64 |
No |
| Helmer et al. [30] |
2020 |
Cohort |
SMI and other MH conditions |
Any, acute and chronic ACSC admissions |
Veterans Affairs registered patients with diabetes |
|
2010 |
1 year |
151,614 |
Person |
US |
National |
>66 |
No |
| Stockbridge et al. [31] |
2019 |
Cross sectional |
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other MH conditions |
Diabetes admissions |
Insured patients with diabetes |
|
2011–2013 |
3 years |
229,039 |
Person |
US |
National |
20–64 |
No |
| Tsai et al. [32] |
2019 |
Cohort |
Bipolar disorder |
Hyperglycaemia admissions |
Patients with diabetes |
|
1999–2013 |
Up to 11 years |
30,477 |
Person |
Taiwan |
National |
Adults |
Yes |
| Goueslard et al. [33] |
2018 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
Acute diabetes complications long-term readmissions |
Patients with type 1 diabetes |
|
2009–2012 |
3 years |
45,655 |
Person |
France |
National |
15–35 |
No |
| Edwards et al. [34] |
2014 |
Cohort |
Home-Based Primary Care |
ACSC admissions |
Veterans Affairs registered patients with diabetes |
Psychosis is a covariate |
2006–2010 |
Up to 5 years |
56,608 |
Person |
US |
National |
>67 |
No |
| Druss et al. [35] |
2012 |
Cross sectional |
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other MH conditions |
ACSC admissions |
Medicaid registered patients with diabetes |
|
2003–2004 |
2 years |
657,628 |
Person |
US |
National |
< = 65 |
No |
| Leung et al. [36] |
2011 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other MH conditions |
Diabetes admissions |
Medicaid or medicare registered patients with type 2 diabetes |
|
2005 |
1 year |
106,174 |
Person |
US |
One region |
>18 |
No |
| Mai et al. [37] |
2011 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia, affective psychosis, other psychoses, and other MH conditions |
Diabetes admissions |
Patients with diabetes |
|
1990–2006 |
Up to 15.5 years |
43,671 |
Person |
Australia |
One region |
>18 |
Yes |
| Cramer et al. [38] |
2010 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
More than one all-cause long-term readmission |
Medicaid registered patients with diabetes |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2005 |
1 year |
695 |
Person |
US |
National |
Adults |
No |
| Yan et al. [39] |
2019 |
Cohort |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All-cause admissions |
Patients with antipsychotic-treated schizophrenia, bipolar 1 disorder or major depressive disorder |
Type 2 diabetes is one of many risk factors considered |
2013–2016 |
1 year |
38,195 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>18 |
No |
| Chen et al. [40] |
2012 |
Cohort |
Outpatient quality of care |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Commercially insured patients with diabetes |
Psychosis is a covariate |
2010 |
30 days |
30,139 |
Person |
US |
National |
>19 |
No |
| Guerrero Fernandez de Alba et al. [41] |
2020 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia, and other MH conditions |
All-cause and diabetes admissions and ED attendances |
Patients with type 2 diabetes |
|
2012 |
1 year |
63,365 |
Person |
Spain |
One region |
>18 |
No |
| Chwastiak et al. [42] |
2014 |
Cohort |
SMI |
All cause 30-day and long-term readmissions |
Patients with diabetes |
|
2010–2011 |
30 days / up to 2 years |
82,060 |
Person |
US |
One region |
>18 |
No |
| Becker et al. [43] |
2011 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
Hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia admissions or ED attendances |
Patients with diabetes |
|
1996–2006 |
1–10 years |
5,033 |
Person |
Canada |
One region |
18–50 |
Yes |
| Krein et al. [44] |
2006 |
Cross sectional |
SMI |
All-cause admissions |
Veterans Affairs registered patients with diabetes |
|
1997–1998 |
1 year |
36,546 |
Person |
US |
National |
Mean 58 |
Yes |
| Kurdyak et al. [45] |
2017 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
Diabetes and all-cause admissions and ED attendances |
Patients with diabetes |
|
2011–2013 |
2 years |
1,131,375 |
Person |
Canada |
One region |
19–105 |
No |
| Shim et al. [46] |
2014 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia or diabetes |
Diabetes and all-cause ED attendances |
Medicaid registered patients with diabetes and/or schizophrenia |
|
2006–2007 |
2 years |
432,112 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
18–64 |
No |
| Sullivan et al. [47] |
2006 |
Cross sectional |
Bipolar disorder, and other MH conditions |
Admissions in those attending ED for diabetes |
Patients with diabetes |
|
1994–1998 |
4.5 years |
4,275 |
Admissions |
US |
Single site |
>18 |
No |
| Wang et al. [78] |
2021 |
Cohort |
SMI |
All cause admissions |
Patients with diabetes |
|
2000–2016 |
6.4 years |
6,383 |
Person |
UK |
England |
>18 |
Yes |
| Huang et al. [73] |
2021 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
All cause admissions |
Patients with diabetes |
|
2002–2013 |
11 |
10,604 |
Person |
Taiwan |
National |
Not given |
Yes |
|
Studies of cardiovascular disease and SMI
|
| Attar et al. [48] |
2020 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
Major adverse cardiac event long-term readmissions |
Patients with acute myocardial infarction |
|
2000–2018 |
5 years |
286,333 |
Person |
Sweden |
National |
>18 |
No |
| Chamberlain et al. [49] |
2017 |
Cohort |
Multimorbidity |
All-cause long-term readmissions |
Patients with atrial fibrillation |
Schizophrenia is one of many risk factors considered |
2000–2014 |
Up to 14 years |
2,860 |
Person |
US |
One region |
>18 |
No |
| Sayers et al. [50] |
2007 |
Cross sectional |
Psychosis, bipolar disorders, and other MH conditions |
All-cause long-term readmissions |
Medicare registered patient with congestive heart failure |
|
1999 |
1 year |
21,429 |
Person |
US |
National |
65+ |
No |
| Shah et al. [51] |
2018 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients with non-acute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2013–2014 |
30 days |
24,665 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>16 |
No |
| Pham et al. [52] |
2019 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All-cause and heart failure 7- and 30-day unplanned readmissions |
Medicare registered patient with heart failure |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2014 |
30 days |
234,298 |
Admissions |
US |
Multiple regions |
>65 |
No |
| Chamberlain et al. [53] |
2018 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
Heart failure 30-day readmissions |
Patients with heart failure |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2006–2011 |
30 days |
1,007,807 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
Not given |
No |
| Shah et al. [54] |
2018 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All cause 31-day readmissions |
Patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2013–2014 |
31 days |
5,997 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>18 |
No |
| Shah et al. [55] |
2018 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2013–2014 |
30 days |
26,016 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>16 |
No |
| Jorgensen et al. [56] |
2017 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
All-cause 28-day readmissions |
Patients with heart failure |
|
2004–2013 |
28 days |
36,718 |
Person |
Denmark |
National |
>18 |
No |
| Ahmedani et al. [57] |
2015 |
Cohort |
Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, other psychoses, and other MH conditions |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients with heart failure or myocardial infarction |
|
2009–2011 |
30 days |
123,921 |
Admissions |
US |
Multiple regions |
>18 |
No |
| Coffey et al. [58] |
2012 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
Congestive heart failure 30-day readmissions |
Patients with congestive heart failure |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2006 |
30 days |
|
Admissions |
US |
Multiple regions |
>18 |
No |
| Lu et al. [59] |
2017 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia, bipolar mood disorder, and other MH conditions |
Heart failure 30-day and long-term readmissions |
African American patients with heart failure |
|
2010–2013 |
30 days / ave 3.2 years |
611 |
Person |
US |
Single site |
>20 |
No |
| Kallio et al. [69] |
2022 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
Stroke and myocardial infarction long term readmissions |
Patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery |
|
2004–2018 |
Up to 10 years |
29,220 |
Person |
Finland |
Multiple sites |
Not given |
Yes |
| Fleetwood et al. [71] |
2021 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder |
Stroke and myocardial infarction long term readmissions |
Patients hospitalised with myocardial infarction |
|
1999–2018 |
Up to 20 years |
184,134 |
Person |
UK |
Scotland |
>18 |
No |
| Ghani et al. [72] |
2021 |
Cohort |
SMI |
All-cause 30-day emergency readmissions |
Patients who underwent vascular surgery |
|
2007–2018 |
30 days |
8,973 |
Person |
UK |
One region |
>18 |
No |
| Fleetwood et al. [70] |
2021 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder |
Stroke and myocardial infarction long term readmissions |
Patients hospitalised with stroke |
|
1991–2018 |
Up to 28 years |
169,923 |
Person |
UK |
Scotland |
>18 |
No |
| Paredes et al. [75] |
2020 |
Cohort |
SMI |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Medicare registered patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery |
|
2013–2017 |
30 days |
118,837 |
Person |
US |
National |
>65 |
No |
| Sreenivasan et al. [76] |
2022 |
Cohort |
Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia or other psychotic illnesses |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients hospitalised with myocardial infarction |
|
2016–2017 |
30 days |
904,575 |
Person |
US |
National |
>18 |
No |
| Andres et al. [77] |
2012 |
Cross sectional |
Schizophrenia |
Long-term readmission for myocardial infarction |
Patients hospitalised with myocardial infarction |
|
2000–2007 |
8 years |
19,016 |
Person |
Spain |
One region |
>15 |
No |
|
Studies of COPD and SMI
|
| Buhr et al. [60] |
2019 |
Cross sectional |
Charlson and Elixhauser indicies |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients with COPD |
Psychosis included in the Elixhauser index |
2010–2016 |
30 days |
1,622,983 |
Admissions |
US |
National |
>40 |
No |
| Jorgensen et al. [61] |
2018 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Patients with COPD |
|
2008–2013 |
30 days |
211,868 |
Person |
Denmark |
National |
>30 |
No |
| Lau et al. [62] |
2017 |
Cross sectional |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
COPD 30-day readmissions |
Patients with COPD |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2006–2011 |
30 days |
597,502 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>40 |
No |
| Singh et al. [63] |
2016 |
Cohort |
Psychosis, and other MH conditions |
All-cause 30-day readmissions |
Medicare registered patients with COPD |
|
2001–2011 |
30 days |
135,498 |
Admissions |
US |
National |
>66 |
No |
|
Studies of cancer, liver disease or multiple diseases and SMI
|
| Basta et al. [64] |
2016 |
Cohort |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
Complicated lymphedema long-term readmissions |
Women who had undergone breast cancer related mastectomy /lumpectomy |
Psychosis is one of many risk factors considered |
2007–2012 |
2 years |
56,075 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
>18 |
No |
| Kashyap et al. [68] |
2021 |
Cohort |
Bipolar and psychoses |
All-cause 30-day ED attendance |
Medicare registered patients with gastrointestinal malignancies in the last 30 days of life |
|
2004–2014 |
30 days |
110,325 |
Person |
US |
National |
>66 |
No |
| Ratcliff et al. [74] |
2021 |
Cohort |
Bipolar disorder and psychoses |
All cause 90-day readmissions |
Veterans Affairs registered patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer |
|
Not given |
90 days |
50,611 |
Person |
US |
National |
Not given |
No |
| Huckans et al. [65] |
2010 |
Cohort |
Schizophrenia |
All-cause readmissions during anti-viral therapy |
Veterans Affairs registered patients with hepatitis C |
|
1998–2006 |
During antiviral therapy |
60 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
Mean 50 |
Yes |
| Davydow et al. [66] |
2016 |
Cohort |
SMI |
ACSC admissions |
General population |
Table 1 provides unadjusted effect for patients with underlying cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver disease and cancer |
1999–2013 |
14 years |
5,945,540 |
Person |
Denmark |
National |
>18 |
No |
| Guo et al. [67] |
2008 |
Cohort |
Risk factors and comorbidities |
All-cause admissions and ED attendances |
Commercially insured patients with bipolar disorder |
Diabetes, COPD and heart disease are some of many risk factors considered |
1998–2002 |
Up to 5 years |
67,862 |
Person |
US |
Multiple regions |
Mean 37.1 |
No |
