Table 1.

Relationship between PAK4 expression and clinical characteristics.

Characteristics	Case no.	Expression		χ2	P value
		High	Low
Sex
Male	38	25	13	0.455	.500
Female	37	27	10
Smoking
Yes	42	30	12	0.197	.657
No	33	22	11
Treatment
Radio- or chemotherapy	32	24	8	0.843	.359
Surgery	43	28	15
ECOG score
≦ 2	29	16	13	4.459	.035
> 2	46	36	10
TNM stage
I–II	51	29	21		.155
III–IV	24	18	6
Histological type
Adenocarcinoma	41	33	8	5.292	.021
Squamous cell carcinoma	34	19	15
Distant metastasis
Yes	36	29	7	4.101	.043
No	39	23	16

ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, PAK4 = p21-activated kinase 4, TNM = tumor node metastasis.