Figure 7.

(A) DMPC bilayer before flow is applied. (B) Bilayer during a flow of 0.005 mL/min (0.64 Pa). The brighter edges of the bilayer remain fluid. At this low shear stress, the bilayer is unlikely to be tank treading. Images were recorded at approximately position (b) as indicated in Fig. 2A after depositing large unilamellar vesicles in the left-hand arm of the channel instead of the right-hand one. (C) Fluorescence intensity recovers to its former value about 10 min after stopping flow. (D and E) FRAP images of a DMPC bilayer (D) before and (E) during flow. To improve visibility, we adjusted contrast of images in (E) to match those in (D) and matched contrast for images (A)–(C). (F) FRAP recovery time increased sharply with flow on. To see this figure in color, go online.