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. 2022 Jan 26;27(5):1933–1955. doi: 10.1007/s10741-021-10204-8

Table 3.

Echocardiographic characteristics of included studies

Author/year HF phenotype Number of patients (n) LAVi LAGLSR (%) LAGLSB (%) LAGLSC (%) E/e' MV E/A Mitral annulus e' LVEF LVGLS Software for Speckle tracking analysis
Hoshida et al. [27] HFpEF 105 47.6 ± 24.2 14.4 ± 5.7 60.9 ± 6.9
Harada et al. [28] HFpEF 92 54.6 ± 26,7 17.7 ± 7.3 5.2 ± 1.7 57.8 ± 9.4  −13.9 ± 4.4 EchoPAC
Hwang et al. [29] HFpEF 1105 49.9(34.5–69.8) 18.6 ± 11.6 15.1 ± 7.1 0.9 ± 0.5 5.6 ± 2.5 59.3 ± 6.6  −15.1 ± 5.0 TomTec
Park et al. [16] HFpEF 1191 63 ± 48.8 19.1 ± 11.6 16.9 ± 9.2 5.9 ± 2.4 59.1 ± 5.9 TomTec
Sobirin et al. [40] HFpEF 30 33.0 ± 8.0 18.6 ± 3.4 1.09 ± 0.5 6.0 ± 1.6 56.0 ± 7.0
Shah et al. [36] HFpEF 1097 38.9 ± 15.5 12.6 ± 5.7 1.33 ± 0.73 7.9 ± 2.5 58.6 ± 9.8
Reddy et al. [14] HFpEF 238 32 ± 15 29 ± 16 18 ± 10 16 ± 9 14 ± 6 −15 ± 3 Syngo
Shintani et al. [37] HFpEF 127 66.0 ± 27.4
Wu et al. [38] HFpEF 163 37.1 ± 8.1 16.5 ± 2.4 0.7 ± 0.1 68.0 ± 9.0
Telles et al. [39] HFpEF 49 41.5 ± 15.2 24.3 ± 9.6 16.1 ± 5.9 12.9 ± 5.7 1.4 ± 0.6 9.4 ± 2.4 62.6 ± 6.1  −18.7 ± 2.3 TomTec
Lundberg et al. [41] HFpEF 92 43.0 ± 14.0 12.3 ± 8.0 13.4 ± 6.6 1.4 ± 0.9 8.5 ± 3.2 60.7 ± 5.9  −17.3 ± 4.4 EchoPAC
Shah et al. [50] HFpEF-absent CMD 51 36.5 ± 11 19.8 ± 8.3 12.4 ± 4.7 1.2 ± 0.9 8.1 ± 2.4 60.9 ± 6.4  −17 ± 3.5 TomTec
HFpEF-present CMD 151 39.3 ± 13.4 15.0 ± 7.7 13.5 ± 6.2 1.5 ± 0.9 8.9 ± 5.9 58.5 ± 8.1  −15.7 ± 3.5 TomTec
Abohammar et al. [53] HFpEF 114 47.0 ± 7.0 12.2 ± 2.0 1.6 ± 0.7 7.0 ± 3.0 61.0 ± 3.0  −13.5 ± 1.5 EchoPAC
Saikhan et al. [42] HFpEF 110 38.8 ± 12.7 26.2 ± 1.9 13.1 ± 4.4 13 ± 1.1 11.7 ± 4.5 0.9 ± 0.3 7.1 ± 2.1 64.9 ± 7.7 EchoPAC
Burns et al. [43] HFpEF-Anemia 224 36.6 ± 15.8 16.1 ± 8.8 1.5 ± 0.8 9.6 ± 3.8 61.0 ± 7.0
HFpEF-No Anemia 195 31.3 ± 11.9 14.0 ± 7.3 1.2 ± 0.6 7.1 ± 2.7 61.0 ± 6.0
Obokata et al. [44] HFpEF 271 44 ± 15 16 ± 8 6.6 ± 2 62 ± 7
Nagy et al. [45] HFpEF 86 44 ± 16 13.3 ± 11.0 12.6 ± 6 1.8 ± 1.4 7.9 ± 2.2 62.5 ± 7.0  −15.3 ± 3.6 TomTec
Almeida et al. [48] HFpEF 65 48.0 ± 19.4 16.0 ± 8.1 58.0 ± 5.9  −14.0 ± 3.7 EchoPAC
Liu et al. [49] HFpEF 55 37.5 ± 8.3 20.4 ± 7.4 10.8 ± 4.2 12.8 ± 5.8 1.09 ± 0.73 7.7 ± 2.4 59.5 ± 6.5 EchoPAC
Batalli et al. [55] HFpEF 55 9.4 ± 4.7 0.8 ± 0.3 6.7 ± 2.6 59.6 ± 8.7 Philips iE33
Sugimoto et al. [56] HFpEF 20 52.0 ± 24.0 14.7 ± 7.4 20.0 ± 8.0 1.3 ± 0.9 56.0 ± 11.0 EchoPAC
Hage et al. [57] HFpEF 86 44.4 ± 11.6 11.0 ± 4.2 1.5 ± 1.1 8.3 ± 2.2 63.3 ± 7.4
Freed et al. [61] HFpEF 308 34.4 ± 13.7 36.2 ± 14.9 18.3 ± 7.7 19.8 ± 8.5 15.0 ± 8.1 1.3 ± 0.7 7.0 ± 2.7 61.0 ± 6.4  − 7.5 ± 4.1 TomTec
Aung et al. [59] HFpEF 38 43.7 ± 9.4 17.0 ± 4.1 11.0 ± 2.4 11.6 ± 1.8 0.7 ± 0.2 5.6 ± 1.5 62.9 ± 4.2 EchoPAC
Hunget al. [60] HFpEF 58 28.2 ± 6.4 16.3 ± 6.3 5.9 ± 1.9 62.1 ± 6.3  −15.7 ± 1.8 EchoPAC
Unger et al. [62] HFpEF-no CKD 154 32.5 ± 12.0 36.7 ± 16.3 19.1 ± 8.3 19.6 ± 8.9 11.8 ± 7.7 1.3 ± 0.7 10.1 ± 4.1 61.5 ± 6.3  −18.2 ± 4.0 TomTec
HFpEF-CKD 145 36.5 ± 15.4 28.8 ± 14.9 15.9 ± 7.9 15.4 ± 7.2 14.8 ± 7.6 1.4 ± 0.7 8.5 ± 3.4 60.9 ± 6.6  −16.8 ± 4.1 TomTec
Shah et al. [66] HFpEF 935 28.0 ± 10.3 10.9 ± 4.7 1.09 ± 0.53 7.6 ± 3.1 60.0 ± 6.4
Melenovsky et al. [17] HFpEF 101 41.0 ± 12.0 7.7 ± 2.2 62.0 ± 5.9
Hasselberg et al. [65] HFpEF 37 45.0 ± 22.0 11.0 ± 5.0 1.5 ± 1.1 7.1 ± 2.0 62.0 ± 7.0  −17.5 ± 3.2 EchoPAC
Gracia et al. [64] HFpEF 28 32.6 ± 12.0 12.3 ± 3.6 1.0 ± 2.0 6.6 ± 1.4 65.0 ± 8.0
Sanchis et al. [15] HFpEF 63 58.9 ± 23.3 8.9 ± 4.9 11.3 ± 5.5 60.0 ± 5.0  −16 ± 3.7 EchoPAC
Santos et al. [67] HFpEF 135 33.4 ± 11.5 24.6 ± 0.6 13.7 ± 8.6 1.2 ± 0.7 6.6 ± 2.4 59.0 ± 7.0  −15 ± 3.4 TomTec
Donal et al. [68] HFpEF 539 49.4 ± 17.8 12.9 ± 6.1 1.8 ± 1.3 7.9 ± 2.6 62.0 ± 7.0  −19.0 ± 5.0
Burker et al. [69] HFpEF 419 34.2 ± 14.3 13.3 ± 7.9 9.3 ± 3.9 61.0 ± 7.0
Obokata et al. [71] HFpEF 40 22.7 ± 6.6 12.3 ± 5.9 19.8 ± 6.8 0.8 ± 0.3 3.3 ± 1.1 60 ± 13.3  −12.8 ± 3.5 EchoPAC
Gupta et al. [73] HFpEF 85 1.0 ± 0.2
Zile et al. [74] HFpEF 746 10.0 ± 4.5 1.1 ± 0.7 9.1 ± 3.4 64.0 ± 9.0
Tan et al. [75] HFpEF 50 30.4 ± 9.2 62.0 ± 9.0 EchoPAC
Jaubert et al. [76] HFpEF 59 30.7 ± 12.6 6.7 ± 2.7 10.8 ± 2.3
Shah et al. [30] HFrEF(recovered) 67 38.1 ± 12.5 22.4 ± 10.3 1.8 ± 1.0 26.4 ± 5.8
HFrEF (non-recovered) 69 47.1 ± 11.7 21.7 ± 8.8 2.0 ± 1.4 25.1 ± 7.1
Tanaka et al. [31] HFrEF 205 51.0 ± 20.0 14.3 ± 7.3 31.0 ± 8.0  −7.6 ± 2.0 Tomtec
Castrichini et al. [32] HFrEF 77 57.0 ± 26.0 10.3 ± 6.9 16.7 ± 9.0 28.0 ± 6.0  −3 ± 4.0 Tomtec
Valentim et al. [33] HFrEF 42 51.5 ± 22.6 13.6 ± 4.5 29.3 ± 6.4  −7.0 ± 2.6
Deferm et al. [35] HFrEF 31 69.0 ± 26.0 6.4 ± 2.2 16.8 ± 6.6 2.6 ± 0.7 20.0 ± 12.0  −7.3 ± 3.5 Tomtec
Park et al. [16] HFrEF 2036 58.1 ± 28.8 11.7 ± 8.1 20.5 ± 11.9 4.7 ± 1.9 27.6 ± 7.3 Tomtec
Kurzawski et al. [34] HFrEF 63 62.1 ± 13.3 8.9 ± 2.0 24.2 ± 8.4 2.4 ± 1.1 19.2 ± 4.1 EchoPAC
Modin et al. [18] HFrEF 818 30.9 ± 13.8 12.2 ± 5.2 1.13 ± 0.67 6.9 ± 2.5 27.8 ± 9.1  −9.7 ± 3.3 EchoPAC
Shintani et al. [37] HFrEF 617 67 ± 24.4
Wu et al. [38] HFrEF 34 38.4 ± 6.5 19.5 ± 7.7 1.28 ± 0.16 30 ± 9
Lundberg et al. [41] HFrEF 72 57.7 ± 18.5 7.7 ± 4.2 16.8 ± 9.0 2.8 ± 1.6 7.8 ± 2.9 28.3 ± 14.8  −7.2 ± 3.7 EchoPAC
Malagoli et al. [46] HFrEF 286 46.2 ± 18.2 19.4 ± 9.4 31.6 ± 6.3
Carluccio et al. [19] HFrEF 405 52.6 ± 18.6 15.8 ± 7.0 14.3 ± 5.2 1.4 ± 1.2 5.4 ± 1.8 30.0 ± 7.4  −8.3 ± 2.9 EchoPAC
Eroglu et al. [47] HFrEF 59 42.7 ± 22.1 17.0 ± 6.0 1.7 ± 1.7 5.3 ± 1.3 33.3 ± 10.4  −9.7 ± 4.4 Philips QLAB
Almeida et al. [48] HFrEF 65 46.7 ± 13.3 17.7 ± 5.2 27.7 ± 11.9  −7.7 ± 2.2 EchoPAC
Xu et al. [51] HFrEF-event 28 71.0 ± 22.0 19.3 ± 10.7 2.7 ± 0.8 17.0 ± 5.4
HFrEF-event-free 17 57.0 ± 16.0 20.5 ± 11.1 2.1 ± 1.2 19.0 ± 5.6
Saha et al. [52] HFrEF 49 11 ± 6 15 ± 10 31 ± 8 –7 ± 3 EchoPAC
Modin et al. [54] HFrEF 151 42.1 ± 19.0 11.9 ± 5.3 8.6 ± 2.6 26.2 ± 9.4  −10.1 ± 3.6 EchoPAC
Batalli et al. [55] HFrEF 56 13.5 ± 6.4 1.3 ± 0.9 5.3 ± 2.2 35 ± 7.5
Sugimoto et al. [56] HFrEF 49 55.0 ± 29.0 15.1 ± 10.1 24.0 ± 13.0 1.5 ± 1.1 31.0 ± 8.0 EchoPAC
Sargento et al. [58] HFrEF 203 42.3 ± 18.3 1.4 ± 1.0 28.2 ± 8.4  −8.7 ± 3.3 EchoPAC
Melenovsky et al. [17] HFrEF 97 50.0 ± 17.0 6.2 ± 2.1 24 ± 9.7
Sanchis et al. [15] HFrEF 32 57.8 ± 20.8 6.5 ± 5.4 11.6 ± 7.6 34.0 ± 10.0  −9.5 ± 4.5
Motoki et al. [70] HFrEF 108 42.0 ± 15.0 14.5 ± 8.2 7.7 ± 5.7 20.0 ± 12.0 1.7 ± 1.4 7.2 ± 4.5 25.0 ± 6.0 Syngo
Carluccio et al. [72] HFrEF 747 43.9 ± 18.8 14.7 ± 8.0 1.77 ± 1.56 6.7 ± 2.8 29.0 ± 7.0
Gupta et al. [73] HFrEF 31 0.8 ± 0.3
Oh et al. [23] HFrEF 2006 41.9 ± 15.2 17.6 ± 9.6 1.3 ± 1.1 6.0 ± 3.0 28.9 ± 8.3
Hinderliter et al. [77] HFrEF 211 49 ± 23 32 ± 11
Donal et al. [78] HFrEF 75 43.4 ± 20.8
Jasic-Szpak et al. [79] HFpEF without AF 131 33.6 ± 9.3 29.0 ± 7.4 14.5 ± 4.0 14.4 ± 6.0 11.0 ± 2.8 0.87 ± 0.29 5.9 ± 1.2 72.7 ± 8.5  −18.6 ± 3.1 EchoPAC
HFpEF with AF 39 39.9 ± 8.1 23.1 ± 6.5 10.9 ± 3.7 12.3 ± 4.9 13.6 ± 5.3 1.21 ± 0.78 5.5 ± 1.3 71.6 ± 8.5  −17.5 ± 3.8
CarluccioE [80] HFpEF 46 43.3 ± 16.9 16.7 ± 6.8 1.53 ± 0.87 5.9 ± 1.5 60 ± 6  −15.4 ± 3.5 EchoPAC

HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HF heart failure, CMD coronary microvascular dysfunction, CKD chronic kidney dysfunction, GLS global longitudinal strain, LVGLS left ventricle global longitudinal strain, LVEF left ventricle ejection fraction, LA left atrial, LAVi left atrial volume index, LAGLSR left atrial global longitudinal strain at reservoir phase, LAGLSB left atrial global longitudinal strain at booster phase, LAGLSC left atrial global longitudinal strain at conduit phase, e’ mitral annular early diastolic velocity by tissue doppler, MV E/A the ratio between early and late mitral inflow velocity by doppler, E/e’ the ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity