Table 5.

Rank serial–biserial correlations for known-groups validity of the 12-Item Hypoglycemia Impact Profile

Any episode of any severity in the past week	Type 1 diabetes			Type 2 diabetes
	0–1 episode (n=226) vs 2–4 episodes (n=445)	0–1 episode (n=226) vs 5+ episodes (n=365)	2–4 episodes (n=445) vs 5+ episodes (n=365)	0–1 episode (n=132) vs 2–4 episodes (n=46)	0–1 episode (n=132) vs 5+ episodes (n=10)	2–4 episodes (n=46) vs 5+ episodes (n=10)
Composite	0.161***	0.274***	0.128***	0.222**	0.182*	0.126
Physical health	0.067	0.183***	0.109**	0.231**	0.167*	0.069
Financial situation	0.036	0.149***	0.118***	0.071	0.135	0.139
Relationships	0.080*	0.149***	0.073*	0.214**	0.025	0.117
Leisure activities	0.143***	0.213***	0.073*	0.153*	0.039	0.050
Work or studies	0.050	0.195***	0.153***	0.148	0.085	0.017
Emotional well-being	0.117**	0.188***	0.073*	0.250***	0.124	0.034
Sleep	0.181***	0.263***	0.100**	0.194*	0.207*	0.118
Dietary freedom	0.091*	0.153***	0.068	0.144	0.141	0.096
Sex life	0.063	0.130**	0.069	0.018	0.109	0.140
Independence	0.100*	0.183***	0.086*	0.211**	0.109	0.020
Spontaneity	0.128***	0.224***	0.106**	0.184*	0.163	0.093
Keep fit/be active	0.148***	0.212***	0.071*	0.075	0.089	0.058

Severe hypoglycemia in the past year†	0 episode (n=802) vs ≥1 SHE (n=231)	0 episode (n=155) vs ≥1 SHE (n=31)
Composite	0.158***	0.221**
Physical health	0.165***	0.226**
Financial situation	0.182***	0.085
Relationships	0.183***	0.037
Leisure activities	0.067*	0.205**
Work or studies	0.128***	0.211*
Emotional well-being	0.134***	0.265***
Sleep	0.122***	0.108
Dietary freedom	0.066*	0.181*
Sex life	0.097**	0.106
Independence	0.161***	0.157*
Spontaneity	0.049	0.093
Keep fit/be active	0.076*	0.169*

Awareness status‡	Intact (n=682) vs IAH (n=347)	Intact (n=143) vs IAH (n=43)
Composite	0.215***	0.002
Physical health	0.191***	0.047
Financial situation	0.133***	0.098
Relationships	0.163***	0.084
Leisure activities	0.102**	0.022
Work or studies	0.099**	0.026
Emotional well-being	0.131***	0.033
Sleep	0.160***	0.026
Dietary freedom	0.143***	0.076
Sex life	0.127***	0.022
Independence	0.243***	0.029
Spontaneity	0.132***	0.042
Keep fit/be active	0.086**	0.012

Effect sizes are interpreted as follows: 0.1=small, 0.3=medium, 0.5=large.

*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

†Defined as episodes where they needed help/were unable to treat themselves.

‡Intact awareness was defined as a self-reported Gold score of ≤3 and impaired awareness was defined as a self-reported Gold score of ≥4.

IAH, impaired awareness of hypoglycemia; SHE, severe hypoglycemia episode.