Fig. 1.

Experimental protocol and groups. (A) Mice were randomized into chronic sleep deprivation group and control groups. The experimental period lasted 6 h per day and continued for 14 days. Control mice were not manipulated during the 6-h experimental period. After sleep deprivation, the mice were subjected to open field test, elevated plus-maze, tail suspension teat, and sucrose preference tests. (B) Mice were injected with AAV virus one month before the sleep deprivation experiment. After 14 days of sleep deprivation, the mice were fed normally for 2 weeks and then were killed during the light cycle for whole brain imaging with fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST).