Table 2.

Diagnosis phase—activities and domains for the development of the Better Hearts Better Cities initiative in São Paulo, Brazil

Process phase	No.	Activity	When	Main actors	Dose/input (time required to develop/implement or activity frequency)	Target (of action; unit of analysis)	Actions (brief)	Purpose (brief)	Expectation/outcome (brief)
Diagnosis	9	Desk research	Feb 2018	Tellus team	1 month	– HTN patients – Other cities involved – Context of São Paulo and Itaquera	Disease, BHBC initiative and local context	Familiarization with disease, content and context	Comprehensive learning about target group and health systems Identification and alignment with priority needs
	10	CSD Matrix development	Feb 2018	Tellus team	1 month	– Design team (visual summary/thinking tool) – Other initiative stakeholders	Consolidation of research findings	Visual summary of evidence to guide next steps	Creation of a visual summary of evidence as a foundation for learning, critical thinking and research action
	11	Meetings with east zone coordination	27 Feb 2018	Tellus team	20 (approximately)	– East zone coordinator – Itaquera district – Santa Marcelina social organization	Stakeholder validation of research tools and schedule	Relationship-building, shared decision-making and needs alignment	Confirmation from stakeholders about the next stage, focal areas and timeline Strengthening of stakeholder and team relationships
	12	Interviews and co-creation sessions in primary care clinics	26 Feb–26 Mar 2018	Tellus team	1 month field interviews: 80 interviews (patients, supervisors, health professionals and support staff) 10 co-creation sessions with patients and management council	– Territory supervisors and healthcare workers and administrative staff – Itaquera community – Health unit management councils	Primary data collection–Interviews and co-creation sessions	Build knowledge, frame and reframe to achieve target focus	Understanding of engagement and user needs for validation of hypotheses and clarity on design work Research and inclusion of additional stakeholders to build connection
	13	Systematization, initiative status update and live event	Mar 2018	Tellus team	Systematization process: 10 days Status updates: five meetings (individual meetings with partners)	NF, City Hall, American Heart Association	Frame findings to establish innovation framework, stakeholder involvement and opportunities	Converge, review and distil knowledge	Confirmation of key findings and subsequent definition of next steps based on evidence review Regular face-to-face meetings

BHBC Better Hearts Better Cities, CSD certainties, suppositions and doubts, HTN hypertension/hypertensive, NF Novartis Foundation