Table 2.
Demographic characteristics | Unadjusted values |
Inverse probability of treatment- weighted values |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EACA (n = 778) | TXA (n = 824) | P value | EACA (n = 778) | TXA (n = 824) | P value | |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter, n (%) | 164 (21%) | 138 (17%) | .03 | 19% | 19% | .90 |
Aortic procedure, n (%) | 76 (10%) | 78 (9%) | .90 | 10% | 10% | .51 |
Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 259 (33%) | 343 (42%) | .0007 | 38% | 38% | .97 |
Cardiogenic shock, n (%) | 23 (3%) | 10 (1%) | .02 | 2% | 2% | .87 |
Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 190 (24%) | 152 (18%) | .004 | 21% | 21% | .92 |
Circulatory arrest during operation, n (%) | 24 (3%) | 25 (3%) | 1.00 | 3% | 3% | .74 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 264 (34%) | 297 (36%) | .41 | 35% | 36% | .31 |
Female sex, n (%) | 219 (28%) | 235 (29%) | .91 | 29% | 29% | .95 |
Anticoagulation (coumadin, heparin), n (%) | 373 (48%) | 361 (44%) | .11 | 46% | 46% | .88 |
Hypertension,∗ n (%) | 616 (79%) | 662 (80%) | .64 | 79% | 80% | .46 |
Left ventricular assist device, n (%) | 4 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | .06 | 0.6% | 0% | .003 |
Thrombolytic, n (%) | 2 (0.3%) | 8 (1%) | .11 | 0.6% | 0.6% | .87 |
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 104 (13%) | 114 (14%) | .84 | 13% | 14% | .73 |
Cerebrovascular disease (CVA, TIA), n (%) | 98 (13%) | 82 (10%) | .11 | 11% | 11% | .93 |
Antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | ||||||
Aspirin | 681 (88%) | 766 (93%) | .0003 | 90% | 90% | .74 |
GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor | 7 (1%) | 16 (2%) | .12 | 1% | 1% | .86 |
ADP receptor inhibitor | 23 (3%) | 31 (4%) | .45 | 4% | 3% | .71 |
Preoperative dialysis, n (%) | 13 (2%) | 18 (2%) | .57 | 2% | 2% | .84 |
Previous acute myocardial infarction,† n (%) | 344 (44%) | 375 (46%) | .67 | 44% | 46% | .23 |
Previous cardiac surgery, n (%) | 57 (7%) | 44 (5%) | .13 | 6% | 6% | .97 |
Statin therapy, n (%) | 617 (79%) | 656 (80%) | .93 | 80% | 79% | .59 |
Priority, n (%) | .25 | 1.00 | ||||
Elective | 354 (46%) | 360 (44%) | 44% | 44% | ||
Emergent | 43 (6%) | 34 (4%) | 5% | 5% | ||
Urgent | 381 (49%) | 430 (52%) | 51% | 51% | ||
Steroids, n (%) | 21 (3%) | 27 (3%) | .60 | 2% | 3% | .27 |
Surgeon, n (%) | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||
1 | 189 (24%) | 236 (29%) | 27% | 28% | ||
2 | 232 (30%) | 100 (12%) | 29% | 12% | ||
3 | 182 (23%) | 176 (21%) | 22% | 23% | ||
4 | 175 (22%) | 201 (24%) | 23% | 23% | ||
5 | 0 (0%) | 103 (13%) | 0% | 12% | ||
6 | 0 (0%) | 8 (1%) | 0% | 1% | ||
Surgery type, n (%) | .77 | 1.00 | ||||
Isolated CABG | 423 (54%) | 443 (54%) | 54% | 54% | ||
Isolated valve | 123 (16%) | 136 (17%) | 16% | 16% | ||
CABG/single valve | 77 (10%) | 92 (11%) | 11% | 11% | ||
Other | 155 (20%) | 153 (19%) | 19% | 19% | ||
Hemoglobin A1C (%),‡ median (IQR) | 5.9 (5.6, 6.6) | 5.9 (5.6, 6.7) | .90 | 5.9 (5.6, 6.6) | 5.9 (5.6, 6.7) | 1.00 |
Age, y, median (IQR) | 67 (58, 74) | 67 (59, 74) | .75 | 67 (58, 74) | 67 (59, 74) | 1.00 |
Body surface area, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.9, 2.2) | 2.0 (1.9, 2.2) | .31 | 2.0 (1.9, 2.2) | 2.0 (1.9, 2.2) | .58 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time, min, median (IQR) | 110 (87, 140) | 103 (81, 133) | .001 | 106 (85, 135) | 106 (83, 140) | 1.00 |
Hematocrit (%), median (IQR) | 40 (36, 43) | 40 (36, 42) | .27 | 40 (36, 43) | 40 (36, 43) | .76 |
Platelets, thousands/μL, median (IQR) | 207.0 (170.0, 253.0) | 201.0 (168.0, 242.5) | .11 | 250.0 (169.0, 248.0) | 203.0 (169.0, 248.0) | .55 |
Creatinine,∗ mg/dL, median (IQR) | 0.96 (0.80, 1.15) | 0.96 (0.80, 1.12) | .37 | 0.96 (0.80, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.80, 1.11) | .52 |
STS major morbidity/mortality score, %,§ median (IQR) | 13.2 (8.7, 21.2) | 12.3 (8.2, 21.0) | .17 | 13 (9, 21) | 12 (8, 21) | .20 |
STS mortality score, %,§ median (IQR) | 1.34 (0.74, 2.91) | 1.36 (0.69, 3.08) | .45 | 1.33 (0.74, 2.97) | 1.36 (0.69, 3.05) | .81 |
Data are presented as median (25%, 75%) for continuous variables and n (%) for categoric data. EACA, Epsilon-aminocaproic acid; TXA, tranexamic acid; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; TIA, transient ischemic attack; GP, glycoprotein; ADP, adenosine 5′-diphosphate; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; IQR, interquartile range; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Data missing, 1.
Data missing, 2.
Data missing, 268.
Data missing, 70.