Table 3.
Effect of TXA relative to EACA on cardiac surgery outcomes
| Outcome | Crude TXA effect | IPTW TXA effect∗ |
|---|---|---|
| Odds ratios (95% CI) | ||
| Mortality | 0.83 (0.43-1.61) | 1.03 (0.64-1.65)† |
| Stroke | 1.12 (0.56-2.24) | 1.49 (0.90-2.47)† |
| Acute kidney injury | 0.99 (0.79-1.25) | 0.98 (0.83-1.16) |
| Reoperation (bleeding) | 1.09 (0.69-1.74) | 1.18 (0.85-1.62)† |
| Any transfusion | 0.79 (0.65-0.97) | 0.94 (0.81-1.10) |
| Red blood cells | 0.80 (0.65-0.99) | 0.93 (0.80-1.09) |
| Platelets | 0.80 (0.60-1.05) | 1.04 (0.85-1.27) |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 0.77 (0.57-1.05) | 1.00 (0.79-1.25) |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.68 (0.37-1.24) | 1.08 (0.71-1.64) |
| Intraoperative transfusion | ||
| Any transfusion | 0.77 (0.60-1.00) | 1.00 (0.84-1.21) |
| Red blood cells | 0.90 (0.67-1.20) | 1.12 (0.91-1.38) |
| Platelets | 0.65 (0.46-0.90) | 0.80 (0.63-1.01)† |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 0.67 (0.46-0.98) | 0.86 (0.66-1.12)† |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.81 (0.27-2.41) | 1.07 (0.54-2.09)† |
| Postoperative transfusion | ||
| Any transfusion | 0.78 (0.63-0.96) | 0.92 (0.79-1.08) |
| Red blood cells | 0.74 (0.60-0.92) | 0.87 (0.74-1.02) |
| Platelets | 1.04 (0.72-1.49) | 1.24 (0.95-1.63) |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 0.92 (0.62-1.38) | 1.16 (0.86-1.57) |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.65 (0.33-1.30) | 0.82 (0.51-1.31)† |
| Phenylephrine 48 h | 1.49 (1.03-2.15) | 1.35 (1.04-1.76) |
| Vasopressin 48 h | 1.49 (1.11-2.02) | 1.35 (1.08-1.68) |
| Differences in medians (95% CI) | ||
| Post-surgery length of stay, d | 0 (−0.30, 0.30) | 0 (−0.37, 0.37) |
| ICU length of stay, h | −0.50 (−3.20, 2.20) | 0 (−2.69, 2.69) |
| Postoperative ventilator time, h | −1.37 (−1.87, −0.87) | −1.33 (−1.86, −0.80) |
| 24-h chest tube drainage, mL | 20 (−21, 61) | 15 (−27.3, 57.3) |
| Charges, $US | −3475 (−5631, −1320) | −2913 (−5147, −679) |
TXA, Tranexamic acid; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit.
∗
Adjusted for surgeon.
†
No adjustment for surgeon due to quasi-separation.