Table 1.
Baseline study characteristics
| Authors | Year | Cohort size | Mean age, y | Male, n (%) | PAF, n (%) | PersAF, n (%) | Long-standing PersAF, n (%) | Mean AF duration, y | HT, % | DM, % | BMI, kg/m2 | Mean LA size, mm | Mean LVEF, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bisleri et al9 | 2013 | 45 | 62 ± 10 | 33 (73) | 0 | 0 | 45 (100) | 7 ± 5.8 | 76 | 31 | 17∗ | 51 ± 10 | 56 ± 7 |
| Bulava et al10 | 2015 | 50 | 62 ± 7 | 32 (64) | 0 | 0 | 50 (100) | 3.5 ± 2.9 | 64 | 0 | 31 ± 5 | 48 ± 5 | 63 ± 8 |
| de Asmundis et al11 | 2017 | 64 | 60 ± 9 | 56 (88) | 0 | 21 (33) | 43 (67) | 5.2 ± 3.7 | 52 | 9 | 28 ± 4 | 50 ± 7 | 53 ± 11 |
| Edgerton et al21 | 2016 | 24 | 64 ± 9 | 22 (92) | 0 | 0 | 24 (100) | 6.8 ± 3.5 | 63 | 4 | 31 ± 5 | – | 53 ± 9 |
| Eisenberger et al27 | 2015 | 35 | 71 ± 6 | 23 (66) | 0 | 9 (26) | 26 (74) | 4.3 ± 0.9 | 83 | 23 | 29 ± 5 | 50 ± 5 | 63 ± 7 |
| Gaita et al26 | 2013 | 33 | 58 ± 13 | 15 (45) | 0 | 0 | 33 (100) | 2.4 ± 2.6 | – | – | – | 51 ± 6 | 53 ± 11 |
| Gehi et al22 | 2013 | 101 | 63 ± 10 | 79 (78) | 17 (17) | 47 (47) | 37 (37) | 5.9 ± 5.5 | 61 | 19 | 59∗ | 51 ± 1 | 50 ± 11 |
| Gersak et al8 | 2012 | 50 | 56 ± 11 | 42 (84) | 3 (6) | 8 (16) | 39 (78) | 5 ± 4.7 | 74 | 4 | 29 ± 4 | 48 ± 5 | 59 ± 11 |
| Kiser et al23 | 2010 | 28 | – | – | 0 | 5 (18) | 23 (82) | 8 | – | – | – | 53 | - |
| Krul et al19 | 2011 | 31 | 57 ± 7 | 25 (81) | 16 (52) | 13 (42) | 2 (6) | 8† | 32 | 3 | 29 ± 4 | 47 ± 7 | - |
| Kumar et al12 | 2015 | 38 | 62 ± 7 | 34 (89) | 14 (37) | 19 (50) | 15 (13) | 6.8 ± 4.4 | 42 | 13 | 28 ± 3 | – | 52 ± 14 |
| Kurfirst et al13 | 2014 | 30 | 61 ± 8 | 20 (67) | 0 | 4 (13) | 26 (87) | 2.8 ± 2.3 | 67 | – | 30 ± 5 | 48 ± 5 | 62 ± 8 |
| La Meir et al14 | 2012 | 19 | 61 ± 9 | 16 (84) | 5 (26) | 4 (21) | 10 (53) | 5 | 37 | – | 28 ± 5 | 50 ± 1 | - |
| La Meir et al15 | 2013 | 35 | 57 ± 10 | 24 (69) | 16 (46) | 8 (23) | 11 (31) | 5 | 43 | 3 | 27 ± 4 | 52 ± 1 | - |
| Lee et al28 | 2011 | 25 | 61 ± 11 | 19 (76) | 16 (64) | 5 (20) | 4 (16) | 3† | 52 | 12 | 29 ± 6 | – | 57 ± 9 |
| Mahapatra et al16 | 2011 | 15 | 60 ± 2 | 8 (53) | 0 | 9 (60) | 6 (40) | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 47 | 20 | – | 52 ± 10 | 47 ± 3 |
| Muneretto et al6 | 2012 | 36 | 62 ± 10 | 17 (47) | 0 | 8 (22) | 28 (78) | 6.1 | 42 | 19 | – | 50 ± 6 | 53 ± 3 |
| Osmancik et al20 | 2016 | 33 | 60 ± 11.6 | 24 (73) | 0 | 22 (73) | 8 (27) | 2.5 ± 2.7 | – | – | 33 ± 5 | 47 ± 9 | 54 ± 12 |
| Pison et al17 | 2012 | 26 | 57 ± 9 | 18 (69) | 15 (58) | 11 (42) | 0 | 5.6 ± 3.6 | 46 | – | 27 ± 4 | 43 ± 6 | 59 ± 7 |
| Richardson et al18 | 2016 | 83 | 63† | 68 (82) | 1 (1) | 82 (99) | 0 | – | – | – | 49† | 55† | |
| Toplisek et al24 | 2016 | 37 | 54 ± 11 | 32 (86) | 0 | 37 (100) | 0 | 4† | 59 | 5 | 29 ± 4 | 47 ± 6 | 59 ± 11 |
| Zembala et al25 | 2017 | 90 | 55 ± 10 | 70 (78) | 0 | 39 (43) | 51 (57) | 4.5 ± 3.7 | 69 | 13 | 29 ± 4 | 45 ± 6 | 49 ± 10 |
| Mean | 42.1 | 60.5 | 74% | 12% | 38% | 51% | 5.1 | 59.3 | 12.1 | 29 | 59.1 | 54.8% |
Underline indicates the mean value has included a study that reported a median value.
PAF, Paroxysmal, PersAF, persistent; AF, atrial fibrillation; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; LA, left atrium; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.
∗
Number with obesity.
†
Median.