Table 1.
Random-effects estimates of patient demographic characteristics, indication, operative data, and perioperative outcomes of the patients with transcatheter valve explant
| Parameter | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | Patients analyzed, n |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency, % | 0.4 (0.2-0.6) | 341,152 |
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Age, y | 73.7 (72.9-74.6) | 1521 |
| STS-PROM at implant | 5.9 (2.9-8.8) | 307 |
| STS-PROM at explant | 8.1 (5.4-10.8) | 992 |
| NYHA III/IV at explant, % | 62.1 (48.9-75.4) | 1009 |
| Previous cardiac surgery, % | 36.8 (10.2-63.4) | 1477 |
| Days from implant to explant, d | 345.0 (196.7-493.3) | 678 |
| Self-expandable valve, % | 40.2 (24.0-56.5) | 907 |
| Balloon-expandable valve, % | 59.8 (43.5-76.0) | 907 |
| Indication | ||
| Endocarditis, % | 37.6 (16.3-58.9) | 1521 |
| SVD | 27.7 (4.8-50.5) | 1501 |
| Paravalvular leak/aortic insufficiency, % | 14.2 (3.3-25.2) | 1501 |
| Failed implantation, % | 12.7 (2.7-22.7) | 1501 |
| Aortic stenosis | 9.1 (0.8-18.9) | 1005 |
| Others | 8.4 (2.9-13.8) | 1501 |
| Operative data | ||
| Isolated explant, % | 47.1 (28.0-66.2) | 1521 |
| Concomitant procedure, % | 52.9 (33.8-72.0) | 1521 |
| Aortic repair, % | 28.5 (14.0-42.9) | 1521 |
| Aortic root repair | 18.8 (7.9-29.7) | 1521 |
| Ascending aortic repair, % | 12.3 (5.4-19.3) | 1521 |
| Mitral valve repair/replacement, % | 21.6 (19.4-23.8) | 1294 |
| CABG, % | 13.8 (10.6-17.1) | 1521 |
| Tricuspid repair/replacement, % | 6.7 (5.3-8.0) | 1274 |
| Bioprosthesis, % | 87.9 (83.7-92.2) | 1213 |
| Mechanical prosthesis, % | 11.8 (8.0-15.7) | 1213 |
| CPB time, min | 162.2 (151.8-172.6) | 1213 |
| Aortic cross-clamp time, min | 114.9 (109.5-120.3) | 1213 |
| Perioperative outcomes | ||
| 30-d mortality, % | 16.7 (12.2-21.2) | 1521 |
| Hospital stay, d | 15.2 (12.1-18.2) | 1488 |
| ICU stay, h | 153.3 (127.8-178.7) | 1488 |
| 30-d readmission, % | 12.7 (10.8-14.6) | 1196 |
| Reoperation for bleeding, % | 8.5 (4.7-12.3) | 1085 |
| Stroke, % | 5.4 (4.2-6.5) | 1501 |
| Renal failure | 16.4 (9.8-23.0) | 1476 |
| New permanent pacemaker insertion, % | 13.1 (10.5-15.8) | 1470 |
CI, Confidence interval; STS-PROM, Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SVD, structural valvular disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; ICU, intensive care unit.