Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of the healthy volunteers and the SIRS and sepsis patients
| Healthy (n = 15) |
SIRS (n = 21) |
Sepsis (n = 17) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 40 ± 4 | 45 ± 17 | 38 ± 13 |
| Gender (F:M) | 10:5 | 14:7 | 8:9 |
| Survival after 28 days | NA | 100% | 100% |
| Severity scores | |||
| qSOFA (0–3) | 0 | 2.0 ± 4 | 2.0 ± 3.5 |
| APACHE II (0–71) | NA | 4.0 ± 9 | 9.0 ± 10 |
| Underlying disease origin | |||
| Abdominal | NA | 14 (66.7%) | 11 (64.7%) |
| Blood vessels | NA | 6 (28.6%) | 0 (0%)+ |
| Brain | NA | 1 (4.8%) | 0 (0%) |
| Pulmonary | NA | 0 (0%) | 4 (23.5%)+ |
| Skin tissue | NA | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) |
| Urinary | NA | 0 (0%) | 1(5.9%) |
| Clinical signs | |||
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 77 ± 9 | 88 ± 28* | 94 ± 26* |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 19 ± 2 | 17 ± 2.6 | 18 ± 5 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | 108/70 | 122/78 | 109/65 |
| Temperature (°C) | 36 ± 0.3 | 36.5 ± 0.5 | 36 ± 0.4 |
| Blood cell count (×10 6 /mm 3 ) | |||
| Leukocytes | 6.9 ± 1.5 | 14.4 ± 3.5* | 14.7 ± 5.6* |
| Neutrophils | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 13.5 ± 3.5* | 22 ± 3.1* |
| Monocytes | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.5 |
| Lymphocytes | 3.4 ± 5.2 | 4.1 ± 1.1 | 9.2 ± 3.3 |
| Biochemical inflammation marker | |||
| Lactate (mM) | 0.5 | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.1 |
APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation. NA, not applicable. qSOFA, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. Data represent n, n (%) or mean ± standard error of the mean.
*P < 0.05 between SIRS or sepsis patients and healthy volunteers, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test.
+P < 0.05 between SIRS and sepsis patients, Fisher’s test.
There were no significant differences between SIRS and sepsis patients in their ages, gender distribution, severity scores, clinical signs, blood cell counts or lactate concentrations.