Table 3.

The logistic regression analyses between possible predictors and severe CSVD burden.

	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis1
	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value
Age	1.051 (1.012-1.091)	0.010	1.040 (1.000-1.082)	0.052
Sex (male)	1.642 (1.046-2.575)	0.031	1.509 (0.884-2.576)	0.131
Education	0.970 (0.919-1.024)	0.270	—	—
Body mass index	1.038 (0.970-1.111)	0.280	—	—
Current smoking	1.347 (0.695-2.610)	0.378	—	—
Alcohol use	1.690 (0.790-3.614)	0.176	—	—
Hypertension	2.157 (1.262-3.687)	0.005	1.939 (1.060-3.548)	0.032
SBP	1.016 (1.003-1.029)	0.014	1.010 (0.996-1.024)	0.164
DBP	1.014 (0.994-1.034)	0.160	—	—
Duration of T2DM	0.994 (0.968-1.021)	0.656	—	—
HbA1c	1.082 (0.924-1.028)	0.329	—	—
Coronary heart disease	0.836 (0.505-1.382)	0.485	—	—
History of stroke	2.872 (1.799-4.586)	< 0.001	2.234 (1.357-3.677)	0.002
TC	0.961 (0.790-1.686)	0.689	—	—
HDL	0.291 (0.119-0.711)	0.007	0.514 (0.185-1.428)	0.202
LDL	0.931 (0.716-1.209)	0.592	—	—
Uric acid	1.000 (0.997-1.003)	0.979	—	—
Serum tHcy	1.017 (0.992-1.043)	0.186	—	—
Medication
Antiplatelet Statin Insulin Metformin DPP-4 inhibitors GLP-1 receptor agonist	0.737 (0.457-1.188) 0.853 (0.545-1.336) 1.389 (0.873-2.212) 0.614 (0.361-1.045) 1.167 (0.698-1.952) 1.321 (0.738-2.364)	0.210 0.488 0.166 0.072 0.555 0.348	— — — 0.666 (0.373-1.187) — —	— — — 0.168 — —
TyG index	1.582 (1.123-2.227)	0.009	1.472 (1.003-2.160)	0.048

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; tHcy, total homocysteine; TyG, triglyceride glucose; CSVD, cerebral small vessel disease.

¹Adjusted with P < 0.10 in the univariable analysis (age, sex, hypertension, SBP, history of stroke, HDL, metformin usage and TyG index).