Table 3.

Characteristics of patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis (n = 162).

Systemic and patient-related factors:	N (%) diagnosed peri-implantitis	Relative risk (95% CI)	p value∗
Gender		0.43 (0.09, 1.99)	0.317
Male	2 (3.1)
Female	7 (7.2)
Presence of systemic conditions		0.92 (0.24, 3.53)	1.000
Yes	3 (5.9)
No	6 (5.4)
Presence of diabetes mellitus		0.76 (0.17, 3.49)	1.000
Yes	2 (6.9)
No	7 (5.3)
Presence of dyslipidemia		0.76 (0.10, 5.62)	1.000
Yes	1 (7.1)
No	8 (5.4)
Presence of hypertension		1.32 (0.17, 10.09)	1.000
Yes	1 (4.3)
No	8 (5.8)
Presence of osteoporosis		0.36 (0.05, 2.50)	0.335
Yes	1 (14.3)
No	8 (5.2)
Presence of anemia		0.20 (0.03, 1.26)	0.206
Yes	1 (25.0)
No	8 (5.1)
Presence of hypothyroidism		0.42 (0.06, 2.93)	0.374
Yes	1 (12.5)
No	8 (5.2)
Smoking habits		9.24 (2.26, 37.60)	0.003
Smokers	5 (21.7)
Non-smokers	4 (2.9)
Parafunctional habits		0.58 (0.08, 4.25)	1.000
Yes	1 (9.1)
No	8 (5.3)
History of treated periodontitis		7.00 (1.66, 29.47)	0.008
Yes	6 (15.0)
No	3 (2.5)
Lack of regular dental attendance		0.57 (0.07, 4.41)	0.701
Yes	1 (3.4)
No	8 (6.0)
Lack of regular peri-implant maintenance		9.51 (1.22, 74.33)	0.012
Yes	8 (10.8)
No	1 (1.1)

CI: confidence interval. ^∗Exact chi-square test.