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. 2022 Aug 19;5:846. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03800-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — a–f Interactions between differentially expressed ligands of astrocytes and receptors of neurons for (a) NS versus SD, (b) SD versus RS, and (c) NS versus RS comparisons, and ligands of neurons and receptors of astrocytes for (d) NS versus SD, (e) SD versus RS, and (f) NS versus RS comparisons in the hypothalamus. Nodes represent ligands or receptors in astrocytes and neurons, respectively. Node outline thickness indicates the level of significance (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P-value). Colour of nodes and edges represents the magnitude of alteration in expression (log fold-change, logFC) (see Methods). g–i Uniquely expressed transcription factors (rows) in sleep-deprived cells and their co-expressed gene sets (columns) in (g) brainstem, (h) cortex, and (i) hypothalamus. For specific GO terms of the co-expressed genes, see Supplementary Table 5. NS normal sleep, SD sleep deprived, RS recovery sleep.