Table 2.

Risk of dementia in valproate only users, lithium only users, and both valproate and lithium users compared to nonusers.

	n	Event	py	Unadjusted*	P value	Adjusted*,†	P value
Valproate only users	1164	130	7728	1.59 (1.26–2.02)	< 0.01	1.56 (1.23–1.97)	< 0.01
Lithium only users	621	65	4265	1.26 (0.94–1.69)	0.13	1.24 (0.92–1.67)	0.15
Both users	621	80	4279	1.62 (1.23–2.13)	< 0.01	1.62 (1.23–2.13)	< 0.01
Nonusers	2378	185	16,660	Ref		Ref

py, person-years.

*Hazard ratio for dementia with 95% confidence intervals estimated by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

^†Adjusted for diabetes, alcohol-related disorder, and use of antiepileptics.