Table 1.
Summary of the characterization of the different cell clusters, as described in the text
| Cluster | HPT/Hc cell number | Signature transcripts | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| CL0 | 2292/22 | TGA1 Hml |
TGA1 is a crosslinking enzyme important in coagulation and regulation of the extracellular matrix in the HPT. Hml is shown to be a marker for phagocytes in insects. There is a gradient of these transcripts in the HPT from immature cells to more developed precursors. |
| CL1 | 1199/29 | His3 ASPM comp45345_c0 (regulator of cytokinesis 1-like) comp45551_c0 (putative protein MIS12 homolog) tpx_2b |
All these transcripts are associated with mitosis. |
| CL2 | 988/8 | Actin5c TGA1 Hml |
See CL0. The proportions of transcripts differ between CL0 and CL2, and also for several unknown transcripts. |
| CL3 | 884/2 | Porin/VDAC CCT8 NOP56 |
Porin/VDAC may be a sign of high number of mitochondria. CCT8 a chaperon may protect cells from stress such as high ROS production. NOP56 is involved in ribosomal subunit 60S biogenesis. |
| CL4 | 66/609 | VMO1 cenB crustin-36397 glutathione peroxidase (GPX1-like) |
VMO1 is involved in vitellogenesis and its function in immunity is unknown. cenB is an endoglucanase. crustin-36397 is a putative antimicrobial peptide. GPX1 protect cells from oxidative stress. |
| CL5 | 7/657 | Crustin 1-3 proPO astacidin2 Gly-rich peptide masquerade |
Crustin 1-3 , astacidin2 and the gly-rich peptide are antimicrobial peptides. proPO and masquerade are components of the melanization reaction. |
| CL6 | 46/548 | Crustin 1-3 proPO astacidin2 Gly-rich peptide masquerade |
Crustin 1-3 , astacidin2 and the gly-rich peptide are antimicrobial peptides. proPO and masquerade are components of the melanization reaction. |
| CL7 | 349/0 | PACIHC Transferrin FERH yl |
PACIHC, transferrin and FERH are involved in iron homeostasis. PACIHC is also part of the protease inhibitor pacifastin. yl is a putative vitellogenin receptor. |
| CL8 | 289/10 | No specific markers Downregulation of transcripts encoding ribosomal proteins |
|
| CL9 | 51/247 | Crustin 1-3 proPO astacidin2 Gly-rich peptide masquerade |
Crustin 1-3 , astacidin2 and the gly-rich peptide are antimicrobial peptides. proPO and masquerade are components of the melanization reaction. |
| CL10 | 277/2 | ESYT2 PDGF/VEGF-domain (PVF-like factor) Debrin-like MYO18A comp35509_c0 |
ESYT2, MYO18 and Debrin may be involved in cytoskeleton remodelling or endocytosis. PDGF/VEGF-domain proteins are growth factors and likely involved in the differentiation process. comp35509_c0, a small peptide of unknown function. |
| CL11 | 3/235 | Hml TGA1 Duox |
Hml and Duox are involved in phagocytosis in insects. TGA1 is the crosslinking protein in the clotting reaction. |
| CL12 | 6/195 | comp36636_c0 (C-type lectin) glutathione peroxidase (GPX1-like) crustin-36397 PVF1 (PDGF/VEGF-domain) BR3 (PDGF/VEGF-domain) comp34335_c0 (PDGF/VEGF-domain) FAT1-related (protocadherin) FAS2 (Fasciclin-2-like) |
comp36636_c0 a C-type lectin usually involved in pattern recognition. GPX1 protect cells from oxidative stress. crustin-36397 is a putative antimicrobial peptide. PVF1, BBR3 and comp34335_c0 are all PDGF/VEGF-domain proteins and likely involved in regulation of growth and development. FAT1-related and FAS2 are cell adhesion proteins and could be involved in neuronal development and/or immunity. |
| CL13 | 121/0 | MIP AHNAK FAS2 (Fasciclin-2-like) Glutamine synthase 2 (GS2) Clec4f Cd207-like (langerin) DAG1 (dystroglycan) Let_2 (collagen type IV) Tuba1c Mec-12 |
MIP a melanization regulator AHNAK, FAS2 and GS2 may be linked to neural development. Clec4f is a C-type lectin. Cd207 is a putative C-type lectin receptor. Dag1 and Let_2 encode putative extracellular matrix proteins. Mec-12 and Tuba1c are tubulin encoding transcripts. |
Transcripts with high or unique expression are named as signature transcripts for their respective clusters. The number of cells from each sample (HPT or hemocytes) is indicated in the second left column.