Table 1.
Univariate analysis. Hypothermia (H) versus normothermia (N) group.
| Hypothermia (n = 54) |
Normothermia (n = 24) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 38.4 ± 16.8 | 42.9 ± 18.8 | 0.305a |
| Weight (kg) | 73.7 ± 14.5 | 69.7 ± 17.1 | 0.334a |
| Height (m) | 1.62 ± 0.07 | 1.62 ± 0.08 | 0.764a |
| Gender (M/F) | 13/39 | 9/16 | 0.317b |
| ASA classification, n (%) | |||
| I | 9 (16.7) | 6 (25) | 0.380b |
| II | 38 (70.3) | 13 (54.2) | |
| III | 7 (13) | 5 (20.8) | |
| Elderly, n (%) | 8 (14.8) | 6 (25) | 0.359b |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 17 (31.5) | 8 (33.3) | 0.952b |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 5 (9.2) | 6 (25) | 0.091b |
| Obesity, n (%) | 10 (18.5) | 3 (12.5) | 0.428b |
| Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 2 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.320b |
| Anesthesia, n (%) | |||
| General | 6 (11.1) | 13 (54.2) | <0.001b, e |
| Regional | 46 (85.2) | 9 (37.5) | |
| Combined | 1 (1.8) | 2 (8.3) | |
| Use of opioids, n (%) | |||
| Fentanyl | 6 (11.1) | 8 (33.3) | |
| Sufentanil | 4 (7.4) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Morphine | 3 (5.6) | 1 (4.2) | 0.003c, e |
| Sufentanil + morphine | 13 (24) | 0 (0) | |
| Fentanyl + morphine | 2 (3.7) | 2 (8.3) | |
| Remifentanil + morphine | 0 (0) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Fentanyl + remifentanil | 0 (0) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Types of surgery, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | ||
| Broncoesofagology | 1 (1.85) | 0 (0) | |
| Oral and maxillofacial | 0 (0) | 1 (4.17) | |
| Head and neck | 1 (1.85) | 0 (0) | |
| General surgery | 2 (3.7) | 2 (8.33) | |
| Oncology | 2 (3.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Thoracic | 2 (3.7) | 3 (12.5) | 0.612b |
| Vascular | 2 (3.7) | 1 (4.17) | |
| Gynecology | 1 (1.85) | 0 (0) | |
| Obstetric | 27 (50) | 10 (41.7) | |
| Neurosurgery | 2 (1.85) | 0 (0) | |
| Orthopedia | 5 (9.26) | 3 (12.5) | |
| Urology | 9 (16.7) | 4 (16.7) | |
| Prolonged wakefulness, n (%) | (0) | (0) | – |
| Heating with air in OR, n (%) | 8 (14.8) | 1 (4.2) | 0.194b |
| Heating with mattress in OR, n (%) | 3 (5.6) | 0 (0) | 0.251b |
| Heated serum in OR, n (%) | 17 (31.5) | 8 (33.3) | 0.700b |
| Heating with air in PACU, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | 2 (8.3) | 0.661c |
| Heating with mattress in PACU, n (%) | 2 (3.7) | 1 (4.2) | 0.780b |
| Heated serum in PACU, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | 42 (8.3) | 0.655c |
| Length of stay in the PACU (min) | 94.73 ± 34.4 | 78.1 ± 30.3 | 0.057d |
| Length of hospital stay (hours) | 103.5 ± 115.2 | 111.3 ± 153.5 | 0.248d |
| Chills, n (%) | 7 (13) | 1 (4.2) | 0.203c |
| Complications, n (%) | 5 (9.3) | 0 (0) | 0.109b |
Categorical variables were expressed as absolute numbers and percentages. Continuous variables with normal distribution were expressed as means and standard deviations.
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; OR: Operation Room; PACU: Post Anesthetic Care Unit.
a
Student's t test.
b
Chi-square test.
c
Fisher test.
d
Mann–Whitney U test.
e
p < 0.05 was considered significant.