Table 1.
Clinical data of the patients according to the DeepECG-HFrEF algorithm.
| DeepECG-HFrEF (+) (N = 600) | DeepECG-HFrEF (−) (N = 691) | Overall (N = 1291) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 68.5 ± 13.5 | 67.2 ± 15.2 | 67.8 ± 14.4 | 0.102 |
| Men | 398 (66.3%) | 325 (47.0%) | 723 (56.0%) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 4.0 | 23.7 ± 3.9 | 23.6 ± 4.0 | 0.122 |
| Current smoker | 90 (15.0%) | 88 (12.7%) | 178 (13.8%) | 0.257 |
| Hypertension | 379 (63.2%) | 391 (56.6%) | 770 (59.6%) | 0.017 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 266 (44.3%) | 237 (34.3%) | 503 (39.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Status of HF | 0.027 | |||
| De novo HF | 163 (27.2%) | 151 (21.9%) | 314 (24.3%) | |
| Acute decompensated HF | 437 (72.8%) | 437 (78.1%) | 977 (75.7%) | |
| HF class according to EF | < 0.001 | |||
| HFpEF | 90 (15.0%) | 448 (64.8%) | 538 (41.7%) | |
| HFmrEF | 86 (14.3%) | 120 (17.4%) | 206 (16.0%) | |
| HFrEF | 424 (70.7%) | 123 (17.8%) | 547 (42.4%) | |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| EF, % | 33.5 ± 12.8 | 51.6 ± 12.9 | 43.2 ± 15.7 | < 0.001 |
| LVESV, mL | 131.7 ± 72.2 | 76.7 ± 46.5 | 110.7 ± 69.0 | < 0.001 |
| LVEDV, mL | 184.3 ± 81.9 | 131.3 ± 55.8 | 164.1 ± 77.4 | < 0.001 |
| E/A ratio | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | < 0.001 |
| Deceleration time, ms | 159.6 ± 66.1 | 201.0 ± 92.3 | 182.9 ± 84.4 | < 0.001 |
| E/e' | 21.9 ± 11.1 | 19.4 ± 13.0 | 20.5 ± 12.3 | 0.001 |
| RVSP, mmHg | 48.2 ± 14.7 | 44.6 ± 15.7 | 46.2 ± 15.3 | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory | ||||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 57.6 ± 30.7 | 64.0 ± 32.7 | 60.9 ± 31.9 | 0.001 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 1745.4 ± 1547.4 | 1043.4 ± 1240.5 | 1444.5 ± 1464.5 | < 0.001 |
BMI body mass index, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, ECG electrocardiogram, EF ejection fraction, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HF heart failure, HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFmrEF heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end systolic volume, RVSP right ventricular systolic pressure.