. 2022 Mar 18;13:e12. doi: 10.34172/jlms.2022.12

Table 2. The Mean, Standard Deviation Values of Dye Penetration and Push-out Bond Strength for Different Groups .

Variables	Dye penetration (mm)		Push-out bond strength (MPa)
Variables	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Group I (Side-vented needle)	5.70^a	0.36	3.40^b	0.15
Group II (Diode laser)	4.20^b	0.13	5.12^a	0.54
Group III (Er:YAG laser)	2.95^c	0.14	6.23^a	0.70
P value	<0.001*		<0.001*

Means with different small letters in the same column indicates a significant difference. * Significant (P < 0.05).

The relation between different groups was tested using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test to compare between more than two groups in non-related samples with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.