Fig. 3.

A schematic diagram represented the mutational landscape throughout the S-glycoprotein of Omicron and its comparison with VOCs and VOIs. (A) The mutational landscape throughout the S-glycoprotein of Omicron and its comparison with VOCs and VOIs. (B) A statistical model demonstrates the number of mutations in the S-glycoprotein in the VOCs and VOI, including Omicron. This model shows the number of mutations in the S-glycoprotein of VOCs and VOIs Alpha, Delta, Gamma, Beta, Lambda, and Mu formed a cluster regarding the number of mutations. Here, the clustering event also formed two groups: The first one contains all variants, and the second one is Omicron. Like the previous model (developed using the number of total genome mutations), Omicron belongs to a different group and shows a different pattern compared to other variants in terms of the number of mutations. For the analysis, we have taken the data from the literature collected from open source databases such as Google Scholar [36], PubMed[37, 38] etc. At the same time, we also collected the open source mutation information on CDC’s Omicron variants and other VOCs/VOIs [39–41]; eCDC [41], WHO[42] etc.