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. 2022 Aug 22;44(5):2393–2425. doi: 10.1007/s11357-022-00631-2

Table 5.

Comparative analysis of delta delta G (DDG) or ΔΔG of emerging mutations of S-glycoprotein in Omicron variant

NMA based prediction ΔΔG prediction Other structure-based predictions Minute vibrational entropy energy change between wild-type and mutant Remarks
Sl no Significant mutations of Omicron variant

ΔΔG ENCoM

(kcal/mol)

ΔΔG

(kcal/mol)

ΔΔG mCSM

(kcal/mol)

ΔΔG DUET

(kcal/mol)

ΔΔG SDM

(kcal/mol)

ΔΔSVib ENCoM

(kcal mol−1 K−1)

1 K417N

 − 0.677,

Destabilizing

 − 0.932,

Destabilizing

 − 1.138,

Destabilizing

 − 1.123,

Destabilizing

 − 0.280,

Destabilizing

0.846 Increase of molecule flexibility increased
2 S477N

0.064,

Destabilizing

0.628,

Stabilizing

 − 0.215,

Destabilizing

0.235,

Stabilizing

0.780,

Stabilizing

 − 0.080 Decrease of molecule flexibility
3 T478K

0.181,

Destabilizing

1.009,

Stabilizing

 − 0.695,

Destabilizing

 − 0.366,

Destabilizing

 − 0.070,

Destabilizing

 − 0.227 Decrease of molecule flexibility
4 D796Y

 − 0.052,

Destabilizing

0.146,

Stabilizing

0.387,

Stabilizing

0.370,

Stabilizing

 − 0.010,

Destabilizing

0.065 Increase of molecule flexibility
5 G196D

0.897,

Stabilizing

0.193,

Stabilizing

 − 2.071,

Destabilizing

 − 2.248,

Destabilizing

 − 2.160,

Destabilizing

 − 1.121 Decrease of molecule flexibility
6 G446S

 − 0.283,

Destabilizing

 − 0.501,

Destabilizing

 − 0.593,

Destabilizing

 − 0.366,

Destabilizing

 − 0.680,

Destabilizing

0.353 Increase of molecule flexibility
7 E484A

 − 0.377,

Destabilizing

 − 0.456,

Destabilizing

 − 0.415,

Destabilizing

 − 0.128,

Destabilizing

0.320,

Stabilizing

0.471 Increase of molecule flexibility
8 T95I

0.320,

Destabilizing

1.200,

Stabilizing

 − 0.097,

Destabilizing

0.670,

Stabilizing

1.910,

Stabilizing

 − 0.400 Decrease of molecule flexibility
9 D614G

 − 0.134,

Destabilizing

0.351,

Stabilizing

 − 0.514,

Destabilizing 

0.171,

Stabilizing

2.510,

Stabilizing

0.168 Decrease of molecule flexibility
10 H655Y

0.158,

Destabilizing

1.728,

Stabilizing

1.302,

Stabilizing

1.516,

Stabilizing

0.400,

Stabilizing

 − 0.197 Decrease of molecule flexibility
11 Q493K

0.066,

Destabilizing

0.470,

Stabilizing

0.194,

Stabilizing

0.794,

Stabilizing

0.580,

Stabilizing

 − 0.082 Decrease of molecule flexibility
12 G496S  − 0.014, Destabilizing  − 0.097, Destabilizing  − 0.763, Destabilizing  − 0.614, Destabilizing  − 1.010, Destabilizing 0.018 Decrease of molecule flexibility
13 N501Y

 − 0.094,

Destabilizing

 − 0.203,

Destabilizing

 − 0.457,

Destabilizing

 − 0.471,

Destabilizing

0.280,

Stabilizing

0.117 Decrease of molecule flexibility
14 Y505H

 − 0.305,

Destabilizing

 − 0.510, Destabilizing

 − 0.119,

Destabilizing

0.143,

Stabilizing

0.380,

Stabilizing

0.381 Decrease of molecule flexibility
15 N969K

 − 0.381,

Destabilizing

0.086,

Stabilizing

0.065,

Stabilizing

0.184,

Stabilizing

 − 0.500,

Destabilizing

0.477 Increase of molecule flexibility
16 A67V

0.520,

Stabilizing

0.544,

Stabilizing

 − 0.387,

Destabilizing

0.256,

Stabilizing

0.950,

Stabilizing

 − 0.650 Decrease of molecule flexibility
17 L981F

0.009,

Destabilizing

0.104,

Stabilizing

 − 1.241,

Destabilizing

 − 1.289,

Destabilizing

 − 0.69,

Destabilizing

0.012 Increase of molecule flexibility
18 N440K

0.045,

Destabilizing

0.064,

Stabilizing

0.243,

Stabilizing

0.876,

Stabilizing

0.780,

Stabilizing

 − 0.057 Decrease of molecule flexibility
19 N856K

0.202,

Destabilizing

1.304,

Stabilizing

0.103,

Stabilizing

0.314,

Stabilizing

0.300,

Destabilizing

 − 0.252 Decrease of molecule flexibility
20 Q498R

 − 0.289,

Destabilizing

 − 0.163,

Destabilizing

0.283,

Stabilizing

0.519,

Stabilizing

0.550,

Stabilizing

0.361 Increase of molecule flexibility
21 S371L

0.030,

Stabilizing

0.127,

Stabilizing

 − 0.394,

Destabilizing

0.080,

Stabilizing

1.280,

Stabilizing

 − 0.037 Decrease of molecule flexibility
22 G339D

 − 0.027,

Stabilizing

0.019,

Stabilizing

 − 0.69,

Destabilizing

 − 0.400,

Destabilizing

0.110,

Stabilizing

0.033 Increase of molecule flexibility
23 L212I

 − 0.028,

Destabilizing

0.090,

Stabilizing

 − 0.844,

Destabilizing

 − 0.334,

Destabilizing

0.490,

Stabilizing

0.035 Increase of molecule flexibility
24 S375F

0.578,

Stabilizing

 − 0.125,

Destabilizing

 − 0.948,

Destabilizing

 − 0.460,

Destabilizing

1.190,

Stabilizing

 − 0.723 Decrease of molecule flexibility
25 S373P

 − 0.323,

Destabilizing

 − 0.797,

Destabilizing

 − 0.645,

Destabilizing

 − 0.534,

Destabilizing

 − 0.030,

Destabilizing

0.404 Increase of molecule flexibility
26 N764K

 − 0.344,

Destabilizing

0.189,

Stabilizing

0.089,

Stabilizing

0.475,

Stabilizing

 − 0.300,

Destabilizing

0.430 Increase of molecule flexibility
27 T547K

0.072,

Destabilizing

0.462,

Stabilizing

 − 0.244,

Destabilizing

0.194,

Stabilizing

 − 0.090,

Destabilizing

 − 0.090 Increase of molecule flexibility
28 Q954H

0.192,

Destabilizing

0.969,

Stabilizing

 − 0.676,

Destabilizing

 − 0.491,

Destabilizing

0.060,

Stabilizing

 − 0.240 Decrease of molecule flexibility