Table 3.
Average treatment effect of definitive BT versus EBRT using IPTW-adjusted multivariable cox regression analysis.
| HR [95% CI] | P | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Age | 1.05 [1.05–1.06] | < 2 × 10−16 |
| Race | ||
| White | 1.0 | - |
| Black | 1.03 [0.91–1.17] | 0.58 |
| Other | 0.69 [0.49–0.99] | 0.04 |
| Spanish or Hispanic Origin | ||
| Non-Spanish, Non-Hispanic | 1.0 | - |
| Spanish or Hispanic | 0.98 [0.86–1.11] | 0.74 |
| Insurance | ||
| Uninsured | 1.0 | - |
| Private Insurance | 1.11[0.77–1.61] | 0.57 |
| Medicare | 1.24 [0.86–1.79] | 0.25 |
| Medicaid/Other Government | 1.33 [0.88–1.99] | 0.17 |
| Unknown | 1.35 [0.84–2.10] | 0.23 |
| Income Level | ||
| < 38,000 | 1.0 | - |
| 38,000–47,999 | 0.92 [0.82–1.04] | 0.21 |
| 48,000–62,999 | 0.87 [0.76–0.99] | 0.04 |
| > 63,000 | 0.82 [0.71–0.96] | 0.01 |
| Education † | ||
| < 7% | 1.0 | - |
| 7–12.9% | 1.01 [0.89–1.14] | 0.86 |
| 13–20.9% | 1.01 [0.88–1.16] | 0.93 |
| ≥ 21% | 1.09 [0.92–1.29] | 0.30 |
| Treatment at Academic Center | ||
| No | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 0.92 [0.84–1.01] | 0.08 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||
| 0 | 1.0 | - |
| 1 ‡ | 1.35 [1.22–1.50] | 4.7 × 10−9 |
| PSA | 1.03 [1.02–1.04] | 9.1 × 10−7 |
| Gleason Score | ||
| 3+3 | 1.0 | - |
| 3+4 | 0.90 [0.76–1.07] | 0.23 |
| 4+3 | 0.98 [0.81–1.18] | 0.80 |
| Clinical T Stage | ||
| ≤ T2a | 1.0 | - |
| T2b-T2c | 1.09 [0.99–1.20] | 0.08 |
| T2, NOS | 1.20 [0.92–1.56] | 0.17 |
| Year of Diagnosis | ||
| 2004–2007 | 1.0 | - |
| 2008–2010 | 1.02 [0.93–1.11] | 0.65 |
| 2011–2015 | 0.92 [0.77–1.10] | 0.34 |
| ADT | ||
| No | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 0.90 [0.83–0.97] | 0.004 |
| Treatment | ||
| EBRT | 1.0 | - |
| Brachytherapy | 0.91 [0.84–0.98] | 0.009 |
Abbreviations: ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; BT, brachytherapy; CDCI, Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; HR, hazard ratio; PSA, prostate specific antigen; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
†
Proportion of adults in the patient’s zip code who did not graduate from high school.
‡
A CDCI score of 1 corresponds to men with a history of one of the following: myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, chronic pulmonary disease, rheumatologic disease, peptic ulcer disease, mild liver disease, or diabetes.