TABLE 1.
General overview of osteoarthritis-related RNA-binding proteins and their function.
| RBP | Target DNA or mRNA(s) | Function | Phenotype/Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p54nrb | Col2a1 | Transcription | Enhance the gene promoter activity of Col2a1 and promoted chondrocyte differentiation | Hata et al. (2008) |
| GNL3 | IL24 and PTN | Genomic regulation | Induce articular osteocyte apoptosis and angiogenesis | Zhu et al. (2021) |
| RBPMS | Physically interact with Smads | Transcription | Form a counter-regulatory mechanism with TGF-β and IL-1β to maintenance the homeostasis of normal articular cartilage | (Sun et al., 2006) (Shanm ugaapriya et al., 2016) |
| FUS | Col10a1 promoter | Transcription | Mediate the transcription of Col10a1 and regulate chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation | Gu et al. (2014) |
| DGCR8 | — | Maintaining heterochromatin organization | Alleviated hMSC aging and osteoarthritis | Deng et al. (2019) |
| FUS | SLC7A2 mRNA | Splicing | Mediate the formation of circSLC7A2 and inhibit the miR-4498/TIMP3 axis and inflammatory response | Ni et al. (2021) |
| FUS | PDE4B mRNA | Splicing | Mediate the formation of circPDE4B and regulates chondrocyte cell viability and extracellular matrix metabolism | Shen et al. (2021) |
| YTHDF1 | Bcl2 mRNA | Stability | Inhibited the apoptosis and autophagy of chondrocytes | He et al. (2022a) |
| METTL3 | Atg7 mRNA | Stability | Affected autophagy to promote cellular senescence | Chen et al. (2022) |
| METTL3 | Sox9 mRNA | Stability | Mediated the methylation and degradation of SOX9 mRNA, suppressed collagen 2 expression | Xiao et al. (2022) |
| ZFP36 | Sox9 mRNA | Stability | Increased sox9 expression and then regulating anabolic and catabolic gene expression | McDermott et al. (2016) |
| ZFP36L1 | HSPA1A mRNA | Stability | Enhanced HSPA1A mRNA decay, and inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis | Son et al. (2019) |
| FUS | Sox9 mRNA | Stability | Stabilized SOX-9 mRNA, and promoted the chondrocyte-specific protein expression | Bai et al. (2020) |
| HuR | Cox-2 mRNA | Stability | Stabilized cox-2 mRNA and OA progression | Nieminen et al. (2008) |
| TAI-1 | Cox-2 mRNA | Location | Sequester COX-2 mRNA to SGs and delayed its translation | Ansari and Haqqi, (2016) |
| TDP43 | RACK1 mRNA | Location | Promoted SGs formation and inhibited inflammatory response | (Huang et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2021) |
| CPEB1 | — | Translation | CPEB1 overexpression aggravated the catabolic effect of IL-1β on chondrocytes in vitro | Li et al. (2019) |
| SAMD4 | Mig6 | Translation | Samd4-deficient mice displayed chondrocyte defects | Niu et al. (2017) |
| Nucleolin | p53 mRNA | Translation | Promotes articular chondrocyte proliferation | (Takagi et al., 2005; Deng et al., 2020) |