Table 4.
Statistical analysis of diagnostic biomarkers: Discovery phase.
| Differential metabolites | AUROC | 95% CI |
Sensitivity (%) |
Specificity (%) |
LogOR | 95%CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
| Comparison I: all-AFs plus car-AF (n = 113) vs. control (n = 87) | ||||||||
| Lactate | 0.8684 | 0.8176 | 0.9191 | 82.30% | 80.23% | 6.41 | 4.60 | 8.22 |
| D-glutamic acid | 0.8241 | 0.7660 | 0.8822 | 86.73% | 67.44% | 4.62 | 3.22 | 6.03 |
| Decanoylcarnitine | 0.8725 | 0.8207 | 0.9243 | 86.05% | 80.53% | 2.37 | 1.71 | 3.03 |
| SM (d18:1/14:0) | 0.7985 | 0.7346 | 0.8625 | 86.05% | 64.60% | −2.85 | −3.76 | −1.93 |
| LysoPC (P-18:0) | 0.7883 | 0.7236 | 0.8530 | 73.26% | 72.57% | −3.39 | −4.60 | −2.18 |
| 2-pyrrolidone | 0.8209 | 0.7596 | 0.8823 | 86.73% | 72.94% | 2.50 | 1.78 | 3.23 |
| Lactate, decanoylcarnitine, lysoPC(P-18:0), and 2-Pyrrolidone | 0.9426 | 0.9111 | 0.9741 | 94.69% | 80.00% | 2.64 | 2.03 | 3.26 |
| Adjust panel | 0.9535 | 0.9248 | 0.9822 | 86.67% | 91.76% | 2.72 | 2.09 | 3.36 |
| Comparison II: all-AFs (n = 81) vs. car-AF (n = 32) | ||||||||
| 3-hydroxybutyric acid | 0.8642 | 0.7918 | 0.9366 | 78.13% | 82.72% | −1.34 | −1.86 | −0.82 |
| Homocysteine | 0.8473 | 0.7551 | 0.9395 | 65.63% | 97.47% | −1.49 | −2.09 | −0.90 |
| Ribitol | 0.8777 | 0.8026 | 0.9528 | 87.50% | 82.72% | −3.53 | −4.96 | −2.10 |
| Methyl galactoside | 0.8106 | 0.7231 | 0.8980 | 71.88% | 81.48% | −2.99 | −4.45 | −1.54 |
| Citrate | 0.7986 | 0.7078 | 0.8894 | 75.00% | 76.54% | −3.23 | −4.73 | −1.74 |
| Citrate, ribitol, and homocysteine | 0.9351 | 0.8896 | 0.9807 | 97.47% | 71.88% | −2.70 | −3.66 | −1.74 |
| Adjust panel | 0.9739 | 0.9395 | 1.0000 | 97.47% | 87.50% | −3.61 | −5.30 | −1.91 |
| Comparison III: par-AF (n = 33) vs. control (n = 87) | ||||||||
| D-glutamic acid | 0.7572 | 0.6585 | 0.8559 | 81.82% | 67.44% | 3.35 | 1.66 | 5.05 |
| Lyxose | 0.8161 | 0.7396 | 0.8925 | 60.47% | 90.91% | −2.21 | −3.25 | −1.17 |
| Lactose | 0.7703 | 0.6778 | 0.8627 | 87.88% | 62.79% | 2.04 | 0.98 | 3.10 |
| CE [20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)] | 0.8055 | 0.7157 | 0.8953 | 74.42% | 81.82% | −2.00 | −2.93 | −1.06 |
| Decanoylcarnitine | 0.9070 | 0.8493 | 0.9647 | 89.53% | 84.85% | 2.49 | 1.58 | 3.41 |
| SM (d18:1/14:0) | 0.7907 | 0.6970 | 0.8844 | 86.05% | 66.67% | −2.61 | −3.83 | −1.39 |
| 2-pyrrolidone | 0.8000 | 0.7162 | 0.8838 | 87.88% | 67.06% | 2.34 | 1.31 | 3.36 |
| Lyxose, lactose, and decanoylcarnitine | 0.9648 | 0.9342 | 0.9954 | 93.94% | 88.37% | 2.88 | 1.98 | 3.78 |
| Adjust panel | 0.9891 | 0.9765 | 1.0000 | 100.00% | 90.70% | 3.38 | 2.22 | 4.54 |
| Comparison IV: par-AF (n = 33) vs. per-AF (n = 26) | ||||||||
| Glycolic acid | 0.7541 | 0.6281 | 0.8801 | 88.46% | 60.61% | 3.67 | 1.28 | 6.05 |
| Alanine | 0.7832 | 0.6618 | 0.9046 | 76.92% | 78.79% | 3.42 | 1.13 | 5.71 |
| D-malic acid | 0.8275 | 0.7232 | 0.9318 | 92.31% | 66.67% | 4.24 | 2.00 | 6.47 |
| Citrate | 0.7634 | 0.6349 | 0.8919 | 76.92% | 69.70% | 3.39 | 1.28 | 5.51 |
| Tyrosine | 0.7914 | 0.6703 | 0.9124 | 76.92% | 78.79% | 5.30 | 1.99 | 8.62 |
| 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid | 0.7517 | 0.6262 | 0.8773 | 61.54% | 81.82% | 2.34 | 0.86 | 3.82 |
| D-malic acid, tyrosine, and 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid | 0.9114 | 0.8404 | 0.9824 | 80.77% | 90.91% | 2.47 | 1.36 | 3.58 |
| Adjust panel | 0.9347 | 0.8720 | 0.9975 | 88.46% | 87.88% | 2.50 | 1.45 | 3.55 |