TABLE 3.
The effects of sacubitril/valsartan on cardiac structure and biomarkers of cardiac hypertrophy in clinical studies.
| Subjects (n) | Dose and duration of sacubitril/valsartan | Findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with HFrEF and acute decompensated HF (n = 342) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 8 weeks | ↓ hs-cTnT, ↓ sST2 | Morrow et al. (2019) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 149) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg for mean duration of 316 days | ↓NT-proBNP, ↓ LVEDD | Morillas-Climent et al. (2019) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 654) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg for 12 months | ↓ NT-proBNP | Januzzi et al. (2019) |
| Patients with HFpEF (n = 2407) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 1 year | ↓ NT-proBNP | McMurray et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFpEF (n = 4796) | 49/51 and 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 48 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | Cunningham et al. (2020b) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 367) | Titrated to 97/103 mg, b.i.d. for 12 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | Myhre et al. (2022) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 440) | Not stated (titrated according to patient’s condition) for 8 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | Ambrosy et al. (2020) |
| Acute decompensated HF patients (n = 199) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 8 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | Berg et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 106) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg for 3 months | ↓ NT-proBNP, ↓ CRP | Dereli et al. (2020) |
| Acute decompensated HF patients (n = 881) | Not stated (titrated according to patient’s condition) for 8 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP, ↓ hs-cTnT | Berardi et al. (2020) |
| Acute decompensated HF patients (n = 417) | 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 12 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | DeVore et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 192) | 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/day for 12 months | ↓ BNP, ↓ LV size | Hsiao et al. (2020) |
| Cancer patients with HFrEF (n = 67) | Titrated to 200 mg b.i.d. for a median follow-up of 4.6 months | ↓NT-proBNP | Martín-Garcia et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 69) | 24/26 or 49/51 mg b.i.d. for 12 months | ↓ NT-proBNP, | Villani et al. (2020) |
| Patients with advanced HF (n = 37) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 12 months | ↓ NT-proBNP, | Cacciatore et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 163) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 2 years | ↓ LVEDD, ↓ LVESD | Masarone et al. (2020) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 42) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 6 months | ↓ CRP | Valentim Goncalves et al. (2020b) |
| Patients with ST-elevation MI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 79) | Not stated (titrated according to patient’s condition) for 6 months | ↓ NT-proBNP, ↓ infarct size | Zhang et al. (2021b) |
| Outpatients with HFrEF (n = 96) | Not stated (titrated according to patient’s condition) for 6 months | ↓ NT-proBNP | Chalikias et al. (2021) |
| Outpatients with HFrEF (n = 454) | Titrated to 97/103 b.i.d. for 6 months | ↓ NT-proBNP | Jariwala et al. (2021) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 111) | Titrated to 200 mg b.i.d. for 8 weeks | ↓ NT-proBNP | Tsutsui et al. (2021) |
| Acute anterior wall MI patients with LV systolic dysfunction (n = 68) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 24 weeks | ↓NT-proBNP, ↓ sST2 | Wang and Fu (2021) |
| Patients with HFrEF (n = 150) | 24/26, 49/51, and 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 6 months | ↓ NT-proBNP | Yenerçağ et al. (2021) |
| Patients with chronic heart failure (n = 35) | Titrated to 97/103 mg b.i.d. for 6 months | ↓ LVEDD, ↓ LVESD | Valentim Gonçalves et al. (2019); Valentim Gonçalves et al. (2020a) |
b.i.d., twice daily; ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; BW, body weight; CaMKII, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; CRP, C-reactive protein; cTnT, cardiac troponin; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; hs-cTnT, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin; HW, heart weight; IVSTd, interventricular septum thickness diameter; β-MHC, β-myosin heavy chain; LV, left ventricle; LVDd, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole LVEDD, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricle end-systolic diameter; LVPw, left ventricular posterior diastolic wall thickness; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall thickness diameter; NT-proBNP, N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP; ↓, decrease; sST2, soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity 2; ↑, increase; ↔, no effect.