Table 1.
Characteristics, comorbidities and medications among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation using DOACs.
| DOAC users (n = 90,731) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Mean | SD or (%) |
| Age | 74.94 | ±10.39 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc | 4.59 | ±1.73 |
| HAS-BLED | 3.00 | ±1.13 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 4.37 | ±2.34 |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 39,877 | (43.95%) |
| Male | 50,854 | (56.05%) |
| Occupation | ||
| Dependents of the insured individuals | 27,355 | (30.15%) |
| Civil servants, teachers, military personnel and veterans | 2,032 | (2.24%) |
| Non-manual workers and professionals | 9,210 | (10.15%) |
| Manual workers | 31,393 | (34.60%) |
| Other | 20,741 | (22.86%) |
| Residence | ||
| Urban | 47,878 | (52.77%) |
| Suburban | 29,622 | (32.65%) |
| Rural | 12,605 | (13.89%) |
| Unknown | 626 | (0.69%) |
| Income | ||
| Quintile 1 | 26,482 | (29.19%) |
| Quintile 2 | 1,326 | (1.46%) |
| Quintile 3 | 37,663 | (41.51%) |
| Quintile 4 | 8,159 | (8.99%) |
| Quintile 5 | 16,905 | (18.63%) |
| Unknown | 196 | (0.22%) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Hypertension | 78,973 | (87.04%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 5,773 | (6.36%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 46,914 | (51.71%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 8,880 | (9.79%) |
| Coronary revascularization | 1,574 | (1.73%) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 41,803 | (46.07%) |
| Ischemic stroke | 31,286 | (34.48%) |
| Transient ischemic attack | 11,329 | (12.49%) |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 3,731 | (4.11%) |
| Dementia | 9,730 | (10.72%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 37,453 | (41.28%) |
| Diabetes with complications | 13,231 | (14.58%) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 46,791 | (51.57%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 42,203 | (46.51%) |
| Anemia | 13,810 | (15.22%) |
| Rheumatic disease | 6,945 | (7.65%) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 23,686 | (26.11%) |
| Renal disease | 17,278 | (19.04%) |
| Peripheral arterial occlusive disease | 2,386 | (2.63%) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 50,457 | (55.61%) |
| Mild liver disease | 31,947 | (35.21%) |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 282 | (0.31%) |
| Cancer | 12,889 | (14.21%) |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 1,267 | (1.40%) |
| Human immunodeficiency virus infection | 22 | (0.02%) |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 7,871 | (8.68%) |
| Coronary artery bypass surgery | 968 | (1.07%) |
| Medication | ||
| Aspirin | 40,985 | (45.17%) |
| Clopidogrel | 10,646 | (11.73%) |
| NSAIDs | 21,670 | (23.88%) |
| PPI | 8,930 | (9.84%) |
| Ticlopidine | 2,281 | (2.51%) |
| Warfarin | 23,718 | (26.14%) |
CHA2DS2-VASc, Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 (2 points), Diabetes Mellitus, Prior Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (2 points), Vascular Disease, Female; HAS-BLED, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, mild liver disease or moderate or severe liver disease, stroke, history of bleeding, Age >65, antiplatelet or non-steroidal anti-inflammation drug use; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammation drug; PPI, proton pump inhibitor.