Table 4.

Logistic regression analyses of baseline characteristics and EUS features for differentiating GISTs from leiomyomas

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	GIST (n = 109), n (%)	Leiomyoma (n = 36), n (%)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
Age (mean ± SD), years	58.8±12.1	43.2±10.3	<0.001	1.128 (1.067–1.193)	<0.001
Sex
Male	53 (48.4)	19 (53.1)	0.797
Female	56 (51.6)	17 (46.9)
Size (median, range), cm	3.3 (1.4–16.0)	2.5 (1.0–10.0)	0.049	1.922 (0.479–7.706)	0.357
Location
Esophagus	6	26
Cardia	12	10
Fundus	10		<0.001
Body	50
Antrum	23
Duodenum	8
Shape
Round/oval	75 (68.8)	33 (90.6)	0.028	1.239 (0.205–7.477)	0.815
Distorted	34 (31.2)	3 (9.4)
Surface lobulation
No	69 (63.4)	30 (84.4)		0.670 (0.127–3.533)
Yes	40 (36.6)	6 (15.6)	0.04/		0.637
Border
Regular	43 (39.8)	25 (68.8)	0.009	2.494 (0.653–9.531)	0.181
Irregular	66 (60.2)	11 (31.2)
Ulceration
No	84 (77.4)	36 (100.0)	0.008
Yes	25 (22.6)	0 (0.0)
Echogenicity
Hyperechogenic	48 (44.1)	2 (6.2)	<0.001	6.260 (1.089–35.973)	0.040
Iso/hypoechogenic	61 (55.9)	34 (93.8)
Homogeneity
Homogeneous	40 (36.6)	23 (62.5)	0.019	0.677 (0.167–2.743)	0.585
Heterogeneous	69 (63.4)	13 (37.5)
Anechoic spaces
No	55 (50.5)	35 (96.9)	<0.001
Yes	54 (49.5)	1 (3.1)
Hyperechoic foci
No	69 (63.4)	32 (87.5)	0.020
Yes	40 (36.6)	4 (12.5)
Hypoechoic halo
No	59 (53.8)	29 (81.2)
Yes	50 (46.2)	7 (18.8)	0.011	1.225 (0.293–5.112)	0.781

Values in bold indicate statistically significant results. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor; EUS, endoscopic ultrasonography; SD, standard deviation.