Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and long-term evolution after discharge
| Variables | n = 251 |
|---|---|
| Age | 49 [7–96]a |
| Gender, female | 102 (40.6) |
| Any Comorbidity | 98 (39) |
| Obesity | 61 (24.8) |
| Hypertension | 53 (21.2) |
| Cardiovascular diseaseb | 13 (5.2) |
| Respiratory diseasec | 25 (10) |
| Cancer | 15 (6) |
| Dementia | 4 (1.6) |
| Number of comorbidities | 0 [0–1] |
| Charlson Comorbidity index | 0 [0–2] |
| Radiographic pneumonia | 237 (94.4) |
| Laboratory tests | |
| C reactive protein (mg/dL) | 9 [0.05–60.4] |
| Neutrophils (cells/μL) | 5.100 [900–14.800] |
| Lymphocytes (cells/μL) | 1.000 [200–4.700] |
| D-dimer (μg/L) | 711 [172–9.300] |
| Ferritin (μg/L) | 906 [7.9–11.410] |
| WHO Ordinal Scaled | |
| 3 | 95 (37.8) |
| 4 | 81 (32.3) |
| 5 | 27 (10.8) |
| 6 | 13 (5.2) |
| 7 | 15 (5.9) |
| 8 | 21 (8.4) |
| COVID-19 Therapy | |
| Remdesivir | 6 (2.4) |
| Tocilizumab | 68 (27) |
| Anakinra | 4 (1.6) |
| Steroids | 106 (42.6) |
| Post-COVID manifestationse | |
| Persistent symptoms | 97 (67.4) |
| Systemic | 70 (48.6) |
| Dyspnea | 65 (45.1) |
| Musculoskeletal | 10 (6.9) |
| Neuro-psychiatric | 44 (30.6) |
| Dermatological | 9 (6.6) |
| Genitourinary | 3 (2.1) |
| Persistent radiographic abnormalities | 54 (48.6)f |
| Persistent respiratory failure | 9 (6.3) |
aValues represent n (%) or median [IQR]
bHeart attack, stroke, peripheral arterial disease
cAsthma, COPD, OSAHS, lung hypertension
dWorld Health Organization (WHO) Scale: 0–2 ambulatory; 3 Hospitalized no oxygen therapy; 4 Oxygen by mask or nasal prongs; 5 Non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen; 6 Intubation and mechanical ventilation; 7 Ventilation and additional organ support; 8 Death
ePersistent clinical signs and symptoms after COVID-19 for more than 12 weeks (Median follow-up 231[132, 277] days
fRadiographic control was performed at 3 or more months after discharge in 166 patients