Table 2.
Aerobic fitness, endurance, and strength in patients with myelomeningocele (cont.)
| Authors | Design and setting/Participants | Assessment tools and protocols | Outcome measure | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle strength | Subnormal muscle strength 61% participants Community ambulators: 79% Ambulators: 57% Nonambulators: 54% Male: 58%; Female: 64% | |||
| Buffart et al (2008)27 | Cross-sectional, outpatient (Netherlands) 51 subjects with MMC 16–30 yo; 51% male | Progressive maximal exercise test on an electronically braked arm or cycle ergometer | VO2 peak | Participating in sports: 1.58 ± 0.53 L/min No participation in sports: 1.27 ± 0.5 L/min p = .13 |
| “Break” Testing Method with hand-held dynamometry (hip flexors, knee extensors, shoulder abductors and elbow extensors) | Muscle strength | Sports: 52% with subnormal muscle strength No sports :81% with subnormal muscle strength p = .08 | ||
| Buffart et al (2008)24 | Cross-sectional, outpatient (Netherlands) 51 subjects with MMC 16–30 yo; 51% male | Progressive maximal exercise test on an electronically braked arm or cycle ergometer | VO2 peak | All participants :22.6 ± 8.2 mL/kg/min Community ambulators: 29 ± 7.7 mL/kg/min Household ambulators: 22.3 ± 6.6 mL/kg/min Nonambulators: 19.2 ± 6.8 mL/kg/min Average VO2 peak 42% lower than normative values (1.48 ± 0.522 mL/kg/min vs. 2.56 ± 0.412 mL/kg/min, respectively) Persons with a higher level of ambulatory status had higher VO2 peak (1.85 ± 0.572 mL/kg/min vs. 1.29 ± 0.402 mL/kg/min; p < .001) |
| Buffart et al (2009)26 | Cross-sectional, Outpatient (Netherlands) 51 subjects with MMC 16–30 yo; 51% male | Progressive maximal exercise test on an electronically braked arm or cycle ergometer | VO2 peak | All participants: 1.48 ± 0.52 L/min Community ambulators: 1.85 ± 0.57 L/min Household ambulators: 1.44 ± 0.45 L/min Nonambulators: 1.29 ± 0.40 L/min |
| Danielsson et al (2008)89 | Cross-sectional, outpatient (Sweden) 38 subjects with MMC 3.8–16.8 yo 53% male | Manual muscle testing | Muscle strength | Knee extensors muscle strength 36.8% graded 0–3; 63.3% graded 4–5 Ambulators: 100% graded 4–5 Nonambulators: 26.3% graded 4–5 p < .0001 |