Figure 2.

Correlations between nasopharyngeal glutathione-related metabolites and associations of glutathione-related metabolites with severity outcomes in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis. (A). The heatmap shows the correlation between 12 measured nasopharyngeal glutathione-related metabolites. Glutathione substrates (i.e., cysteine, glycine, and glutamate) were positively correlated with each other. In contrast, these metabolites were negatively correlated with oxidized glutathione state (cysteine-glutathione disulfide). * p-value < 0.05 that is estimated by Pearson correlation coefficient. (B). The heatmap shows the association of nasopharyngeal glutathione-related metabolites with each of the two clinical outcomes. The relative abundance of glutathione substrates (i.e., cysteine, glycine, and glutamate) was lower in the PPV use group and the intensive care use group compared to their reference groups, suggesting their depletion. In contrast, the relative abundance of metabolites that bind glutathione (e.g., spermine) was higher in the PPV use group. The association of each metabolite with each outcome is shown in Figure 3. * FDR < 0.05 estimated by unadjusted logistic regression models. Abbreviations: FDR, false discovery rate; PPV, positive pressure ventilation.