Figure 1.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) surrounding prostate cancer. It is known to be highly immunosuppressive, utilizing many cellular pathways which inhibit normal immune function and promote a tumor’s unchecked proliferation. Solid arrows represent upregulation of that cell’s expression or a specific function at the end of the arrow. Dashed arrows indicate inhibition of the cell or function at the end of the arrow. Specific mechanisms by which upregulation or inhibition work are summarized on their respective arrows. Treg, regulatory T; MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell; NK, natural killer; TAM, tumor-associated macrophage; DC, dendritic cell; AR, androgen receptor.