Figure 1.

Continuous in vivo metabolism by NMR can be used to monitor the real-time growth of a microorganism under different environmental conditions. The data in (A) are from the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, growing in a high-resolution magic angle spinning probe at 600 MHz for about 12 h [10]. Oxygen can be introduced through a hole drilled into the cap of the NMR rotor [77]. The organism is alive at the end of the NMR experiment. The selected ridges shown in (B) were from 3 replicates and can be extracted from the NMR data using a computer vision algorithm [78] and plotted as a function of time. Isotopic substrates can also be used in this experiment (C), which allows for tracing of different pools of metabolites, as described more completely in Judge et al. [10]. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [10]. Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.