Table 2:

Medications Most Commonly Used in the NICU Ranked by Exposure

Rank	Medication	Exposurea	Coursesa	Days of Usea
1	Ampicillin	582	602	2266
2	Gentamicin	579	649	2452
3	Caffeine citrate	153	191	4221
4	Poractant alfa	89	100	100
5	Morphine	68	82	814
6	Vancomycin	61	93	502
7	Furosemide	58	118	389
8	Fentanyl	56	69	453
9	Midazolam	47	55	421
10	Acetaminophen	42	49	274
11	Dopamine	40	48	164
12	Calfactant	34	40	39
13	Beractant	30	34	34
14	Phenobarbital	27	34	218
15	Fluconazole	27	31	411
16	Erythromycin	26	27	78
17	Hydrocortisone	23	30	241
18	Indomethacin	22	28	66
19	Lorazepam	22	25	262
20	Cefotaxime	22	25	138
21	Albuterol	19	24	366
22	Ranitidine	18	21	144
23	Acyclovir	17	18	75
24	Dexamethasone	16	23	141
25	Epoietin alpha	14	18	296
26	Nitric oxide	14	15	86
27	Tobramycin	13	18	93
28	Simethicone	12	13	103
29	Piperacillin-tazobactam	12	16	96
30	Epinephrine	12	13	18
31	Nystatin oral	11	12	97
32	Alprostadil	11	11	20
33	Ursodeoxycholic acid	10	12	178
34	Cefazolin	10	12	36
35	Budesonide	10	12	222
36	Dobutamine	10	10	28
37	Chlorothiazide	10	12	157
38	Clindamycin	9	11	62
39	Insulin	9	11	33
40	Metronidazole	9	11	69
41	Lansoprazole	9	10	55
42	Vecuronium	9	10	29
43	Nafcillin	8	10	49
44	Spironolactone	8	10	136
45	Meropenem	8	10	80
46	Palivizumab	8	8	8
47	Amoxicillin	8	8	43
48	Methadone	8	9	122
49	Ceftazidime	8	9	56
50	Cefepime	7	9	56
51	Clotrimazole	7	7	39
52	Fluticasone	6	7	113
53	Phenylephrine	6	7	24
54	Oxacillin	6	7	34
55	Ibuprofen	6	8	23
56	Vitamin-A	6	6	135
57	Epinephrine - racemic	5	6	16
58	Famotidine	5	6	49
59	Penicillin G	5	5	39
60	Levothyroxine	4	5	68
61	Cholestyramine	4	4	27
62	Milrinone	4	4	21
63	Metoclopromide	4	5	40
64	Propranolol	4	4	13
65	Levetiracetam	4	4	15
66	Clonidine	4	4	79
67	Omeprazole	4	4	25
68	Prednisone	4	5	44
69	Aminophylline	4	4	40
70	Amikacin	3	4	21
71	Amphotericin B deoxycholate	3	3	26
72	Hyaluronidase	3	3	3
73	Hydrochlorothiazide	3	3	44
74	Naloxone	3	3	3
75	Beclomethasone	3	3	47
76	Sildenafil	3	3	30
77	Digoxin	3	3	11
78	Filgrastim	2	3	7
79	Aluminum/Magnesium Hydroxide	2	2	14
80	Cephalexin	2	2	11
81	Ceftriaxone	2	2	5
82	Dornase Alpha	2	3	18
83	Zidovudine	2	2	12
84	Adenosine	2	2	3
85	Sucralfate	2	2	13
86	Cefoxitin	2	2	5
87	Bumetanide	2	2	10
88	Azithromycin	2	2	10
89	Acetazolamide	2	3	14
90	Dexmedetomidine	2	2	16
91	Atropine	2	2	2
92	Heparin	2	2	14
93	Chloral hydrate	1	2	7
94	Pentobarbital	1	2	13
95	Linezolid	1	2	12
96	Rifampin	1	1	12
97	Hydralazine	1	1	14
98	Captopril	1	1	9
99	Diazoxide	1	1	7
100	Enalapril	1	1	8

^aUnits for exposure, courses, and days of use, per 1000 infants.