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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 22.
Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2021 Sep 2;240:66–71.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.08.075

Table 4:

Greatest Absolute Increase in Exposure Between 2010 and 2018

Rank Medication Exposure Increasea Exposure in 2010a Exposure in 2018a FDA Label for Use
1 Poractant alfa 45.0 63.4 108.4 Yes
2 Morphine 19.7 53.7 73.4 No
3 Erythromycin 9.8 24.1 33.9 Yes
4 Glucose gel 8.8 0.0 8.8 No
5 Simethicone 8.4 7.5 15.9 No
6 Budesonide 6.8 7.5 14.3 No
7 Clonidine 6.3 0.4 6.7 No
8 Acetaminophen 5.3 40.9 46.2 Yes
9 Dexmedetomidine 5.0 0.1 5.1 No
10 Fluconazole 4.7 20.8 25.5 No
11 Levetiracetam 4.7 1.7 6.4 No
12 Hydrocortisone 4.5 21.6 26.1 No
13 Cefepime 4.1 7.9 12.0 No
14 Cefazolin 2.9 8.4 11.3 No
15 Cholestyramine 1.9 3.4 5.3 No
16 Atropine 1.7 0.9 2.6 No
17 Rocuronium 1.4 0.2 1.6 No
18 Penicillin G 1.3 4.7 6.0 No
19 Ceftriaxone 1.2 1.3 2.5 Yes
20 Dexamethasone 1.1 15.7 16.8 No
a

Per 1000 infants

FDA = Federal Drug Administration