Table 1.
Seroprevalence of reported human brucellosis in Nigeria (2001–2021).
| Region | State | No of Samples Tested | No of Positive Sample | Seroprevalence % |
Detection Methods | Brucella Type | Reference | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RBPT | SAT | cELISA | iELISA | IgM | IgG | IgG/IgM ELISA |
Brucella spp. | Brucella abortus |
Brucella
melitensis |
||||||
| NC | Kwara | 189 | 42 | 22.2% | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | [19] |
| Abuja | 224 | 40 | 17.9% | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 18 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | [30] | |
| Nasarawa | 160 | 16 | 10% | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | [31] | |
| Total | 573 | 98 | 17.1% | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 18 | 0 | 98 | 0 | 0 | ||
| NE | Bauchi | 285 | 95 | 33.3% | 95 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 18 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 0 | [57] |
| Not indicated | 500 | 26 | 5.2% | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 0 | [45] | |
| Borno | 106 | 4 | 3.8% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | [50] | |
| Borno | 100 | 11 | 11% | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | [56] | |
| Total | 990 | 136 | 13.7% | 136 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 18 | 0 | 125 | 11 | 0 | ||
| NW | Kaduna | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | [66] |
| Kaduna | 100 | 19 | 19% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | [72] | |
| Sokoto | 137 | 1 | 0.7% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | [76] | |
| Total | 238 | 21 | 8.8% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 2 | 0 | ||
| SE | Enugu | 682 | 195 | 28.6% | 195 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 195 | 0 | 0 | [91] |
| Total | 682 | 195 | 28.6% | 195 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 195 | 0 | 0 | ||
| SS | Akwa Ibom | 228 | 70 | 30.7% | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | [96] |
| Total | 228 | 70 | 30.7% | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | ||
| SW | Lagos | 422 | 27 | 6.4% | 27 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 0 | 0 | [105] |
| Oyo | 11 | 7 | 63.6% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | [110] | |
| Total | 433 | 34 | 7.9% | 34 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Grand Total | 3144 | 554 | 17.6% | 493 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 28 | 77 | 0 | 471 | 13 | 70 | ||
NC: North-Central, NE: North-East, NW: North-West, SE: South-East, SS: South-South, SW: South-West, RBPT: Rose Bengal plate test, SAT: serum agglutination test, cELISA: competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, iELISA: indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IgM: immunoglobulin M, IgG: immunoglobulin.