Table 1.
Characteristics of the study cohort overall and by whether patients did or did not receive a prescription of SPS/CPS for their de novo episode of hyperkalemia
| Overall, N = 10 009 | Patients who received an SPS/CPS prescription, N = 429 | Patients who did not receive an SPS/CPS prescription, N = 9580 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Females | 4857 (48.53%) | 186 (43.36%) | 4671 (48.76%) | 0.03 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.48 (12.77) | 70.06 (14.30) | 74.68 (12.66) | <0.01 |
| Outpatient | 9965 (99.56%) | 428 (99.77%) | 9537 (99.55%) | 0.51 |
| Serum K+ test, median (IQR) ≥5.5 and <6 mmol/L ≥6 and ≤6.5 mmol/L >6.5 mmol/L |
5.70 (5.5–10) 7429 (74.22) 1817 (18.15%) 763 (7.62%) |
5.80 (5.50–9.10) 284 (66.20%) 109 (25.41%) 36 (8.39%) |
5.70 (5.50–10) 7145 (74.58%) 1708 (17.83%) 727 (7.59%) |
0.06 |
| Age group | <0.01 | |||
| 18–44 years 45–54 years 55–64 years 65–74 years ≥75 years |
206 (2.06%) 528 (5.28%) 1385 (13.84%) 2394 (23.92%) 5496 (54.91%) |
22 (5.13%) 46 (10.72%) 64 (14.92%) 118 (27.51%) 179 (41.72%) |
184 (1.92%) 482 (5.03%) 1321 (13.79%) 2276 (23.76%) 5317 (55.50%) |
|
| eGFR | <0.01 | |||
| <15 15–29 30–44 45–59 |
385 (3.85%) 1581 (15.80%) 3108 (31.05%) 4935 (49.31%) |
37 (8.62%) 92 (21.45%) 144 (33.57%) 156 (36.36%) |
348 (3.63%) 1489 (15.54%) 2964 (30.94%) 4779 (49.89%) |
|
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus Hypertension Heart failure Unstable angina Stroke Atrial fibrillation |
6174 (61.68%) 9902 (98.93%) 4570 (45.66%) 1987 (19.85%) 2048 (20.46%) 3604 (36.01%) |
301 (70.16%) 425 (99.07%) 146 (34.03%) 72 (16.78%) 67 (15.62%) 100 (23.31%) |
5873 (61.30%) 9477 (98.92%) 4424 (46.18%) 1915 (19.99%) 1981 (20.68%) 3504 (36.58%) |
<0.01 0.78 <0.01 0.10 0.01 <0.01 |
| Medications Azole Current users Non-users Beta-blockers Current users Non-users Calcineurin inhibitors Current users Non-users Digoxin Current users Non-users Heparin Current users Non-users Prescription NSAIDs Current users Non-users K supplements Current users Non-users Trimethoprim Current users Non-users MRA Current users Non-users Other diuretics Current users Non-users |
34 (0.34%) 9975 (99.66%) 4886 (48.82%) 5123 (51.18%) 0 10009 (100%) 880 (8.79%) 9129 (91.21%) 68 (0.68%) 9941 (99.33%) 444 (4.44%) 9565 (95.57%) 615 (6.14%) 9394 (93.85%) 433 (4.33%) 9576 (95.67%) 1675 (16.73%) 8334 (83.27%) 4343 (43.39%) 5666 (56.61%) |
0 429 (100%) 194 (45.22%) 235 (54.78%) 0 429 (100%) 36 (8.39%) 393 (91.61%) a 423 (98.60%) 16 (3.73%) 413 (96.28%) 13 (3.03%) 416 (96.97%) 22 (5.13%) 407 (94.87%) 77 (17.95%) 352 (82.05%) 199 (46.39%) 230 (43.61%) |
34 (0.36%) 9546 (99.64%) 4692 (48.98%) 4888 (51.02%) 0 9580 (100%) 844 (8.81%) 8736 (91.19%) 62 (0.65%) 9518 (99.35%) 428 (4.47%) 9152 (95.54%) 602 (6.28%) 8978 (93.72%) 411 (4.29%) 9169 (95.71%) 1598 (16.68%) 7982 (83.32%) 4144 (43.26%) 5436 (56.70%) |
0.21 0.13 – 0.77 0.09 0.47 <0.01 0.40 0.49 0.21 |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
aNot reported due to small numbers.