Figure 2.

Formula feeding (FF) mouse pups have a greater inflammation in the ileum compared with dam feeding (DF) mouse pups. Mouse pups [postnatal day (P)0] from multiple litters were subjected to DF or FF for 2 days. Ileum tissues were processed for RT-qPCR to analyze gene expression levels of the indicated inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. P0 pups were used as the baseline. PCR reactions were run in duplicate for each sample. Data are presented as means ± SD; n = 6 in each group. Data represent 3 independent experiments and were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey posttest. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Changes are considered statistically significant if P < 0.05.