Table 2. Effect modification by household of residence (children living in index householda vs. in other households within compound), periods of high-intensity vs. low-intensity or no promotion (during vs. after parent trial completion), and season (monsoon vs. dry).
| Prevalence (sanitation arm) | Prevalence (control arm) | PR (95% CI) | p-Value for interaction on multiplicative scale | PD (95% CI) | p-Value for interaction on additive scale | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diarrheal disease | ||||||
| Household | 0.11 | 0.15 | ||||
| Index household | 10.8% | 14.5% | 0.74 (0.61, 0.91) | -- | −0.037 (−0.062, −0.011) | -- |
| Other households in compound | 14.0% | 14.5% | 0.94 (0.69, 1.29) | -- | −0.007 (−0.050, 0.037) | -- |
| Promotion intensity | 0.85 | 0.86 | ||||
| High (during parent trial) | 13.3% | 16.0% | 0.83 (0.66, 1.04) | -- | −0.028 (−0.619, 0.006) | -- |
| Low or none (after parent trial) | 11.3% | 13.8% | 0.81 (0.64, 1.02) | -- | −0.025 (−0.054, 0.003) | -- |
| Season | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||
| Monsoon season | 11.3% | 15.3% | 0.73 (0.57, 0.92) | -- | −0.041 (−0.072, −0.011) | -- |
| Dry season | 12.9% | 13.3% | 0.96 (0.76, 1.22) | -- | −0.005 (−0.035, 0.026) | -- |
| ARI | ||||||
| Household | 0.87 | 0.89 | ||||
| Index household | 21.2% | 22.9% | 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) | -- | −0.017 (−0.046, 0.012) | -- |
| Other households in compound | 21.4% | 22.2% | 0.94 (0.78, 1.13) | -- | −0.014 (−0.054, 0.026) | -- |
| Promotion intensity | 0.53 | 0.70 | ||||
| High (during parent trial) | 25.8% | 26.5% | 0.97 (0.83, 1.13) | -- | −0.010 (−0.050, 0.031) | -- |
| Low or none (after parent trial) | 19.2% | 20.8% | 0.91 (0.78, 1.06) | -- | −0.018 (−0.049, 0.012) | -- |
| Season | 0.40 | 0.50 | ||||
| Monsoon season | 18.2% | 20.1% | 0.89 (0.77, 1.04) | -- | −0.022 (−0.050, 0.006) | -- |
| Dry season | 25.8% | 26.5% | 0.96 (0.83, 1.11) | -- | −0.009 (−0.047, 0.030) | -- |
| Bruising/abrasion | ||||||
| Household | 0.83 | 0.93 | ||||
| Index household | 8.0% | 9.2% | 0.88 (0.72, 1.08) | -- | −0.011 (−0.028, 0.007) | -- |
| Other households in compound | 6.8% | 8.0% | 0.85 (0.63, 1.14) | -- | −0.012 (−0.034, 0.010) | -- |
| Promotion intensity | 0.54 | 0.34 | ||||
| High (during parent trial) | 6.1% | 6.7% | 0.92 (0.73, 1.17) | -- | −0.005 (−0.020, 0.011) | -- |
| Low or none (after parent trial) | 8.3% | 9.9% | 0.84 (0.69, 1.03) | -- | −0.016 (−0.034, 0.003) | -- |
| Season | 0.40 | 0.38 | ||||
| Monsoon season | 7.8% | 8.6% | 0.92 (0.73, 1.15) | -- | −0.007 (−0.025, 0.011) | -- |
| Dry season | 7.3% | 9.2% | 0.80 (0.63, 1.01) | -- | −0.019 (−0.038, 0.000) | -- |
aIndex household refers to household where the pregnant enrollee lived; index households were the primary intervention targets.
All outcomes reported using a 7-day recall period.
ARI, acute respiratory infection; PD, prevalence difference; PR, prevalence ratio.