Table A.2:
Controls by Outcome and Sex, Ordered Probit
| Family Stress Due to Confinement |
Violence in the Home |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women |
Men |
Women |
Men |
|
| Controls | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| Age category, y | ||||
| 35–54 | −0.030 | 0.214* | 0.221* | 0.033 |
| (0.099) | (0.129) | (0.126) | (0.143) | |
| ≥55 | −0.102 | −0.267* | 0.293** | 0.035 |
| (0.107) | (0.143) | (0.137) | (0.170) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Living in common-law relationship | −0.199* | −0.390*** | 0.386*** | 0.296** |
| (0.103) | (0.128) | (0.125) | (0.146) | |
| Widowed, separated, divorced | −0.001 | −0.133 | 0.183 | 0.176 |
| (0.099) | (0.118) | (0.142) | (0.149) | |
| Single, never married | 0.156 | −0.123 | 0.345*** | 0.275** |
| (0.102) | (0.140) | (0.127) | (0.138) | |
| Child aged < 18 y present in dwelling | 0.370*** | −0.142 | 0.104 | 0.015 |
| (0.094) | (0.121) | (0.129) | (0.157) | |
| Highest level of education ever completed | ||||
| High school diploma or a high school equivalency certificate | −0.096 | −0.136 | −0.135 | −0.061 |
| (0.159) | (0.236) | (0.205) | (0.278) | |
| Trade certificate or diploma | −0.345* | −0.139 | 0.002 | 0.024 |
| (0.180) | (0.235) | (0.220) | (0.294) | |
| College, CEGEP, other non-university certificate or diploma | −0.116 | −0.177 | −0.148 | −0.325 |
| (0.159) | (0.236) | (0.199) | (0.271) | |
| University certificate or diploma below the bachelor’s level | −0.092 | 0.032 | 0.042 | 0.476 |
| (0.211) | (0.272) | (0.306) | (0.464) | |
| Bachelor’s degree (e.g., BA, BSc, LLB) | −0.286* | −0.067 | −0.091 | 0.125 |
| (0.156) | (0.232) | (0.196) | (0.276) | |
| University certificate, diploma, degree above the BA level | −0.257 | −0.280 | −0.049 | 0.328 |
| (0.169) | (0.235) | (0.208) | (0.274) | |
| No. of observations | 2,433 | 2,128 | 2,429 | 2,121 |
| Pseudo-R2 | 0.024 | 0.016 | 0.010 | 0.019 |
Notes:All regressions are estimated using an ordered probit with robust standard errors and weights applied. Columns 1 and 3 use the sample of only women; columns 2 and 4 use the sample of only men.The dependent variable in columns 1 and 2 asks individuals their concern about the impact of COVID-19 on family stress due to confinement.The dependent variable takes on the values 1 (not at all), 2 (somewhat), 3 (very), and 4 (extremely).The dependent variable in columns 3 and 4 asks individuals about their concern about the impact of COVID-19 on violence in the home.The dependent variable takes on the values 1 (not at all), 2 (somewhat), 3 (very), and 4 (extremely). CEGEP = Collège d’enseignement general et profession-nel; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019.
p = 0.1;
p = 0.05;
p = 0.01.
Source: Authors’ calculations; data from the Canadian Perspective Survey Series.